{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T03:40:46Z","timestamp":1773286846441,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Orientia tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>, the etiologic agent of scrub typhus, has a highly expressed and immunodominant 56-kD outer membrane protein. This protein is one of the leading candidates for diagnosis and vaccine development for scrub typhus. Previous studies using recombinant 56-kD protein (r56s) derived from Karp strain (Kpr56) in a mouse model have shown good homologous protection but only moderate to poor heterologous protection. We evaluated the cross-reactivity of recombinant 56-kD proteins from Karp, Kato, Gilliam, TA763, and three chimeric 56-kD proteins. Not all r56s are equally reactive with strain-specific serum samples. These data provide a first glance of how reactive these r56s are toward the antiserum of different strains and which r56 exhibits the broadest reactivity. A formulation of this combination has the potential to provide broad protection against the heterologous challenge and to be used in a highly sensitive diagnostic assay.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]],"date-time":"2011-06-01T18:44:22Z","timestamp":1306953862000},"page":"967-972","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Analysis of the Cross-Reactivity of Various 56 kDa Recombinant Protein Antigens with Serum Samples Collected after Orientia tsutsugamushi Infection by ELISA"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Chien-Chung","family":"Chao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin S.","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terrisita B.","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiwen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Mei","family":"Ching","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"444","article-title":"Scrub typhus: a common cause of illness in indigenous populations","volume":"70","author":"Brown","year":"1976"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"Tsutsugamushi Disease","author":"Kawamura","year":"1995"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"J Commun Dis","first-page":"277","article-title":"Outbreak investigation of scrub typhus in Himachal Pradesh (India)","volume":"36","author":"Kumar","year":"2004"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"J Korean Med Sci","first-page":"227","article-title":"Current status of tsutsugamushi disease in Korea","volume":"10","author":"Chang","year":"1995"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"60","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of two scrub typhus outbreaks at Camp Fuji, Japan in 2000 and 2001 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, rapid flow assay, and Western blot assay using outer membrane 56-kD recombinant proteins","volume":"69","author":"Jiang","year":"2003"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis","first-page":"208","article-title":"Investigation of an outbreak of scrub typhus in the himalayan region of India","volume":"58","author":"Sharma","year":"2005"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)","first-page":"272","article-title":"Natural foci of tsutsugamushi disease in the Nan Peng Lie Islands in China","volume":"115","author":"Wang","year":"2002"},{"key":"R8","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1638","article-title":"Scrub typhus reemergence in the Maldives","volume":"9","author":"Lewis","year":"2003"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1838","article-title":"Scrub typhus in the Republic of Palau, Micronesia","volume":"10","author":"Durand","year":"2004"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health","first-page":"165","article-title":"Antibody prevalence of Orientia tsutsugamushi, Rickettsia typhi and TT118 spotted fever group rickettsiae among Malaysian blood donors and febrile patients in the urban areas","volume":"34","author":"Tay","year":"2003"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"641","article-title":"New Orientia tsutsugamushi strain from scrub typhus in Australia","volume":"4","author":"Odorico","year":"1998"},{"key":"R12","series-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis","first-page":"235","article-title":"Epidemiology of scrub typhus in eastern Taiwan, 2000\u20132004","volume":"59","author":"Lee","year":"2006"},{"key":"R13","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"86","article-title":"Scrub typhus poorly responsive to antibiotics in northern Thailand","volume":"348","author":"Watt","year":"1996"},{"key":"R14","series-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci","first-page":"359","article-title":"Outbreak of scrub typhus in southern India during the cooler months","volume":"990","author":"Mathai","year":"2003"},{"key":"R15","series-title":"Proc Soc Exp Biol Med","first-page":"134","article-title":"Antigenic differences between strains of scrub typhus as demonstrated by cross neutralization tests","volume":"62","author":"Bell","year":"1946"},{"key":"R16","series-title":"J Exp Med","first-page":"339","article-title":"Studies on scrub typhus (tsutsugamushi disease). 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