{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T17:35:52Z","timestamp":1781199352175,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Integrated vector management is a pillar of the South Asian visceral leishmaniasis (VL) elimination program, but the best approach remains a matter of debate. Sand fly seasonality was determined in 40 houses sampled monthly. The impact of interventions on <jats:italic>Phlebotomus argentipes<\/jats:italic> density was tested from 2006\u20132007 in a cluster-randomized trial with four arms: indoor residual spraying (IRS), insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), environmental management (EVM), and no intervention. <jats:italic>Phlebotomus argentipes<\/jats:italic> density peaked in March with the highest proportion of gravid females in May. The EVM (mud plastering of wall and floor cracks) showed no impact. The IRS and ITNs were associated with a 70\u201380% decrease in male and female <jats:italic>P. argentipes<\/jats:italic> density up to 5 months post intervention. Vector density rebounded by 11 months post-IRS, whereas ITN-treated households continued to show significantly lower density compared with households without intervention. Our data suggest that both IRS and ITNs may help to improve VL control in Bangladesh.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,3]],"date-time":"2011-05-03T18:53:58Z","timestamp":1304448838000},"page":"662-667","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Comparison of Insecticide-Treated Nets and Indoor Residual Spraying to Control the Vector of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Mymensingh District, Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Rajib","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Dotson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna 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review of the genus Phlebotomus (Diptera: Psychodidae)","volume":"45","author":"Lewis","year":"1982"},{"key":"R12","series-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol","first-page":"197","article-title":"Seasonal and nocturnal landing\/biting behaviour of Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera: Psychodidae)","volume":"95","author":"Dinesh","year":"2001"},{"key":"R13","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"283","article-title":"Phlebotomus argentipes seasonal patterns in India and Nepal","volume":"47","author":"Picado","year":"2010"},{"key":"R14","series-title":"Trop Med Int Health","first-page":"1382","article-title":"Insecticide-treated bed nets in rural Bangladesh: their potential role in the visceral leishmaniasis elimination programme","volume":"15","author":"Mondal","year":"2010"},{"key":"R15","series-title":"Trop Med Int Health","first-page":"953","article-title":"Long-lasting insecticidal nets fail at household level to reduce abundance of sandfly vector Phlebotomus argentipes in treated 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