{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:32:54Z","timestamp":1787031174888,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We report paired strains of\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    parasites, one from the viscera and the other from skin lesions that were isolated from three patients with visceral leishmaniasis and disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis that were co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The causative parasites were characterized by polymerase chain reaction\u2013restriction length polymorphism of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 1 and by a panel of multilocus microsatellite markers. We demonstrated that the causative agent was\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania donovani<\/jats:italic>\n                    in all cases, irrespective of the phenotype of the disease. The paired strains from viscera and skin lesions of the same patients showed genetic identity across the 14 microsatellite markers investigated. These findings demonstrate that the skin lesions in these human immunodeficiency virus\u2013positive patients with visceral leishmaniasis were caused by dissemination of viscerotropic\n                    <jats:italic>L. donovani<\/jats:italic>\n                    parasites as a consequence of severe immunosuppression. However, in all three patients, rapid clearance of the skin lesions was observed after antimonial therapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.11-0055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]],"date-time":"2011-06-01T14:44:22Z","timestamp":1306939462000},"page":"906-912","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Disseminated Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Resembling Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania donovani in Three Patients Co-Infected with Visceral Leishmaniasis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus\/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Tesfaye","family":"Gelanew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zewdu","family":"Hurissa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ermias","family":"Diro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aysheshm","family":"Kassahun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Kuhls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Sch\u00f6nian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asrat","family":"Hailu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Trop 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