{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:51:15Z","timestamp":1792191075898,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are both common infectious diseases in the Brazilian Amazon with overlapping expansion areas, which leads to the occurrence of <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\/HIV coinfection. Most ATL\/HIV\u2013acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) association cases have been reported from areas where <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Viannia<\/jats:italic>) <jats:italic>braziliensis<\/jats:italic> is the main pathogen; this finding is in contrast with the Amazon region, where <jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>V.<\/jats:italic>) <jats:italic>guyanensis<\/jats:italic> is the most implicated agent, implying distinct clinical and therapeutic aspects. We describe 15 cases of ATL\/HIV coinfection treated in a tertiary care center in the Brazilian Amazon between 1999 and 2008. Thirteen patients presented with diverse clinical manifestations of cutaneous leishmaniasis, and four of them had disseminated forms; two patients presented with mucosal leishmaniasis (ML). Seven patients required more than one course of treatment. The particularities of ATL\/HIV-AIDS association in <jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>V.<\/jats:italic>) <jats:italic>guyanensis<\/jats:italic>-endemic areas require efforts for an increased understanding of its burden and subsequent improvements in case management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.11-0075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,6]],"date-time":"2011-09-06T18:47:57Z","timestamp":1315334877000},"page":"524-527","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis and HIV-AIDS Association in a Tertiary Care Center in the Brazilian Amazon"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Jorge Augusto O.","family":"Guerra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Le\u00edla I. R. C.","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1vio R.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 M.","family":"Siqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rog\u00e9rio L.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thiago Miranda L.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus Vin\u00edcius G.","family":"Lacerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria das Gra\u00e7as V.","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sin\u00e9sio","family":"Talhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Epidemiology of American Tegumentary Leishmaniais in Brazil","author":"Brazilian Ministry of Health","year":"2010"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol","first-page":"131","article-title":"The rarity of infection with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis among patients from the Manaus region of Amazonas state, Brazil, who have cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"96","author":"Romero","year":"2002"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"Cad Saude Publica","first-page":"2319","article-title":"Epidemiologia da leishmaniose tegumentar na Comunidade S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil","volume":"22","author":"Guerra","year":"2006"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"Parasitol Today","first-page":"255","article-title":"Leishmaniasis in Manaus, Brazil","volume":"5","author":"Barrett","year":"1989"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade. Programa Nacional de DST e Aids. Manual de Recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es para Diagn\u00f3stico, Tratamento e Acompanhamento da Co-infec\u00e7\u00e3o Leishmania-HIV","author":"Brazilian Ministry of Health","year":"2004"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop","first-page":"543","article-title":"Padr\u00e3o da infec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo HIV\/AIDS em Manaus, Estado do Amazonas, no per\u00edodo de 1986 a 2000","volume":"42","author":"Silva","year":"2009"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"Br J Dermatol","first-page":"311","article-title":"Unusual manifestations of tegumentary leishmaniasis in AIDS patients from the New World","volume":"160","author":"Lindoso","year":"2009"},{"issue":"(Suppl 1)","key":"R8","series-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol","first-page":"17","article-title":"Leishmania\/HIV co-infection in Brazil: an appraisal","volume":"97","author":"Rabello","year":"2003"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"743","article-title":"Prevalence of Leishmania infection in adult HIV\/AIDS patients treated in a tertiary-level care center in Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil","volume":"103","author":"Carranza-Tamayo","year":"2009"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"334","article-title":"The relationship between leishmaniasis and AIDS: the second 10 years","volume":"21","author":"Alvar","year":"2008"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"712","article-title":"Atypical manifestations of tegumentary leishmaniasis in a transmission area of Leishmania braziliensis in the state of Bahia, Brazil","volume":"103","author":"Guimaraes","year":"2009"},{"key":"R12","series-title":"J Infect Dis","first-page":"846","article-title":"Increased Leishmania replication in HIV-1-infected macrophages is mediated by tat protein through cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 synthesis","volume":"194","author":"Barreto-de-Souza","year":"2006"},{"key":"R13","series-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"511","article-title":"Cellular and humoral immune responses of a patient with American cutaneous leishmaniasis and AIDS","volume":"86","author":"Da-Cruz","year":"1992"},{"key":"R14","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"1304","article-title":"Comparison of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and L. 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(V.) guyanensis in Brazil: therapeutic response to meglumine antimoniate","volume":"65","author":"Romero","year":"2001"},{"key":"R16","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"73","article-title":"Comparison between quantitative nucleic acid sequence-based amplification, real-time reverse transcriptase PCR, and real-time PCR for quantification of Leishmania parasites","volume":"46","author":"van der Meide","year":"2008"},{"key":"R17","series-title":"Parasitol Res","first-page":"671","article-title":"Characterization of Leishmania spp. causing cutaneous leishmaniasis in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil","volume":"108","author":"Camara Coelho","year":"2011"},{"key":"R18","series-title":"Manual de Vigil\u00e2ncia da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana","author":"Brazilian Ministry of Health","year":"2007"},{"key":"R19","series-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop","first-page":"207","article-title":"AIDS e infec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo HIV no Brasil: uma epidemia multifacetada","volume":"34","author":"Brito","year":"2001"},{"key":"R20","series-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol","first-page":"214","article-title":"American cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis as an initial clinical presentation of human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"10","author":"de Souza e Souza","year":"1998"},{"key":"R21","series-title":"Br J Dermatol","first-page":"1165","article-title":"Comparative study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and non-HIV-infected patients in French Guiana","volume":"151","author":"Couppie","year":"2004"},{"key":"R22","series-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol","first-page":"1026","article-title":"Mucosal leishmaniasis: description of case management approaches and analysis of risk factors for treatment failure in a cohort of 140 patients in Brazil","volume":"23","author":"Amato","year":"2009"},{"key":"R23","series-title":"Int J Dermatol","first-page":"109","article-title":"Treatment of New World cutaneous leishmaniasis\u2014a systematic review with a meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Tuon","year":"2008"},{"key":"R24","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e980","article-title":"Mucosal leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis in the Brazilian Amazon","volume":"5","author":"de Oliveira Guerra","year":"2011"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/85\/3\/article-p524.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/85\/3\/article-p524.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/85\/3\/article-p524.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T19:39:54Z","timestamp":1723059594000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/85\/3\/article-p524.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.11-0075","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]]}}}