{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T18:02:17Z","timestamp":1791223337575,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Histoplasma capsulatum<\/jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>capsulatum<\/jats:italic> infection is rare outside disease-endemic areas. Clinical presentation and outcome of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome\u2013related histoplasmosis are unknown in non-endemic areas with wide access to highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Retrospective analysis of cases recorded at the French National Reference Center for Mycoses and Antifungals during two decades: pre-HAART (1985\u20131994) and HAART (1997\u20132006). Clinical features and outcome of all adults with proven acquired immunodeficiency syndrome\u2013related histoplasmosis were compared between the two periods. One hundred four patients were included (40 during the pre-HAART era and 64 during the HAART era). Diagnosis was established a mean of 62 days after onset of symptoms. One-year overall mortality rates decreased from 53% (pre-HAART era) to 22% (HAART era). Diagnosis during the pre-HAART era and an older age were the only independent factors associated with death. Histoplasmosis is a rare invasive fungal infection outside disease-endemic areas. Its prognosis improved significantly during the HAART era.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.11-0224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,2]],"date-time":"2011-11-02T21:52:54Z","timestamp":1320270774000},"page":"934-941","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Imported Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome\u2013Related Histoplasmosis in Metropolitan France: A Comparison of Pre\u2013Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy and Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy Eras"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Vincent","family":"Peigne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7oise","family":"Dromer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Elie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Lidove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Lortholary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"1143","article-title":"Leads from the MMWR. 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