{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T05:36:12Z","timestamp":1782970572922,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We studied onchocerciasis transmission and impact on ocular morbidity in three health districts in North Region, Cameroon, where annual mass ivermectin treatment has been provided for 12\u201317 years. The studies, which took place from 2008 to 2010, consisted of skin snips for microfilariae (mf), palpation examinations for nodules, slit lamp examinations for mf in the eye, and <jats:italic>Simulium<\/jats:italic> vector dissections for larval infection rates. Adults had mf and nodule rates of 4.8% and 13.5%, respectively, and 5.5% had mf in the anterior chamber of the eye. Strong evidence of ongoing transmission was found in one health district, where despite 17 years of annual treatments, the annual transmission potential was 543 L3\/person per year; additionally, children under 10 years of age had a 2.6% mf prevalence. Halting ivermectin treatments in North Cameroon now might risk recrudescence of transmission and ocular disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.11-0333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,5]],"date-time":"2011-12-05T18:05:03Z","timestamp":1323108303000},"page":"1041-1049","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Seventeen Years of Annual Distribution of Ivermectin Has Not Interrupted Onchocerciasis Transmission in North Region, Cameroon"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Moses N.","family":"Katabarwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Eyamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Nwane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Enyong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Souleymanou","family":"Yaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Baldiaga\u00ef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Th\u00e9odore Kambaba","family":"Madi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdoulaye","family":"Yougouda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gervais Ondobo","family":"Andze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank O.","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Parasitology","first-page":"1571","article-title":"Rates of microfilarial production by Onchocerca volvulus are not cumulatively reduced by multiple ivermectin treatments","volume":"135","author":"Bottomley","year":"2008"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"159","article-title":"Short report: impact of ivermectin community-level treatments on elimination of adult Onchocerca volvulus when individuals receive multiple treatments per year","volume":"73","author":"Cupp","year":"2005"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec","first-page":"23","article-title":"African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control\u2014report of the sixth meeting of national task forces, October 2009","volume":"4","author":"Report","year":"2010"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"Trop Med Int Health","first-page":"1196","article-title":"After a decade of annual dose mass ivermectin treatment in Cameroon and Uganda, onchocerciasis transmission continues","volume":"13","author":"Katabarwa","year":"2008"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol","first-page":"S46","article-title":"The impact of Mectizan on the transmission of onchocerciasis","volume":"92","author":"Boatin","year":"1998"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1663","article-title":"Programmatic goals and approaches to onchocerciasis","volume":"355","author":"Richards","year":"2000"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"Bull World Health Organ","first-page":"384","article-title":"Can ivermectin mass treatments eliminate onchocerciasis in Africa?","volume":"80","author":"Winnen","year":"2002"},{"key":"R8","series-title":"Filaria J","first-page":"8","article-title":"Impact of ivermectin on onchocerciasis transmission: assessing the empirical evidence that repeated ivermectin mass treatments may lead to elimination\/eradication in West Africa","volume":"2","author":"Borsboom","year":"2003"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"Trop Med Int Health","first-page":"882","article-title":"The impact of ivermectin treatment alone and when in parallel with Simulium neavei elimination on onchocerciasis in Uganda","volume":"9","author":"Ndyomugyenyi","year":"2004"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e497","article-title":"Feasibility of onchocerciasis elimination with ivermectin treatment in endemic foci in Africa: first evidence from studies in Mali and Senegal","volume":"3","author":"Diawara","year":"2009"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"513","article-title":"Studies on onchocerciasis in the United Cameroon Republic. 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