{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T17:56:53Z","timestamp":1759341413936},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Tungiasis is a zoonosis caused by <jats:italic>Tunga penetrans<\/jats:italic>. In Brazil, tungiasis is endemic in many resource-poor communities, in which various domestic and sylvatic animals act as reservoirs. Eighty laboratory-raised Wistar rats were exposed to <jats:italic>T. penetrans<\/jats:italic> in areas of intense transmission: a fishing village and an urban shantytown in Cear\u00e1 State, northeast Brazil. The topographic distribution of lesions in Wistar rats was compared with the distribution of lesions in humans in the same area. Our results show that the topographic distribution of embedded sand fleas was almost identical in Wistar rats and humans and that lesions were confined to the feet. In humans, 76% of all lesions were located periungually, whereas in Wistar rats, 67% of lesions were located at the distal end of the digits (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.73). Both had the majority of lesions at the toes and digits: 70.2% versus 65.7% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.79). The Wistar rat model mirrors human tungiasis in topographic distribution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.11-0073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,4]],"date-time":"2012-07-04T20:56:49Z","timestamp":1341435409000},"page":"125-127","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Topographic Distribution of the Sand Flea Tunga penetrans in Wistar Rats and Humans in Two Endemic Areas in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Buckendahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Heukelbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Witt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Schwalfenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia M. L.","family":"Calheiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Feldmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Sifon\u00e1pteros do Brasil","first-page":"48","author":"Linardi","year":"2000"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"Virchows Arch Pathol Anat Physiol Klin Med","first-page":"421","article-title":"\u00dcber das Verhalten der Haut in den Tropen, ihre Pflege und Krankheiten","volume":"71","author":"Falkenstein","year":"1877"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"Geogr Z","first-page":"522","article-title":"Die ausbreitung des sandflohs in Afrika","volume":"1","author":"Hesse","year":"1899"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"Z Infektionskr Haustiere","first-page":"354","article-title":"Die fl\u00f6he (siphonaptera) der haustiere","volume":"8","author":"Wolffh\u00fcgel","year":"1910"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"Tierarztl Prax","first-page":"189","article-title":"Observations of the sand flea (Tunga penetrans) in humans and dogs in French Guiana","volume":"17","author":"Rietschel","year":"1989"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"Rev Patol Trop","first-page":"69","article-title":"Alguns aspectos epidemiol\u00f3gicos e profil\u00e1ticos da tung\u00edase em c\u00e3es de Jata\u00ed, GO","volume":"30","author":"Franco da Silva","year":"2001"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"Med Vet Entomol","first-page":"329","article-title":"The animal reservoir of Tunga penetrans in severely affected communities of north-east Brazil","volume":"18","author":"Heukelbach","year":"2004"},{"key":"R8","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"365","article-title":"An outbreak of Tunga penetrans in a pig herd","volume":"80","author":"Cooper","year":"1967"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"Livro de homenagem a R.F. Almeida","first-page":"327","article-title":"Tunga penetrans (L.,1758), \u201cbicho de p\u00e9\u201d em gado bovino","volume":"40","author":"Vaz","year":"1946"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"Parasitologia","first-page":"65","article-title":"Observations about specimens of Tunga sp. (Siphonaptera, Tungidae) extracted from goats of Ecuador","volume":"42","author":"Trentini","year":"2000"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"Virchows Arch Pathol Anat Physiol Klin Med","first-page":"269","article-title":"Beitrag zur kenntnis des Rhynchoprion penetrans","volume":"32","author":"Karsten","year":"1865"},{"key":"R12","series-title":"Arch Schiffs u Tropenkr","first-page":"269","article-title":"Untersuchungen \u00fcber den sandfloh","volume":"6","author":"F\u00fclleborn","year":"1908"},{"key":"R13","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"949","article-title":"Severe tungiasis in underprivileged communities: case series from Brazil","volume":"9","author":"Feldmeier","year":"2003"},{"key":"R14","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"666","article-title":"Infestation of Wistar rats with Tunga penetrans in different microenvironments","volume":"76","author":"Witt","year":"2007"},{"key":"R15","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e879","article-title":"Control of tungiasis through morbidity reduction: a randomized controlled intervention study in a resource-poor community in Brazil","volume":"4","author":"Buckendahl","year":"2010"},{"key":"R16","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"214","article-title":"Ectopic localization of tungiasis","volume":"67","author":"Heukelbach","year":"2002"},{"key":"R17","series-title":"Parasitol Res","first-page":"449","article-title":"Investigations on the biology, epidemiology, pathology and control of Tunga penetrans in Brazil. II. Prevalence, parasite load and topographic distribution of lesions in the population of a traditional fishing village","volume":"90","author":"Muehlen","year":"2003"},{"key":"R18","series-title":"Med Vet Entomol","first-page":"172","article-title":"Sand flea (Tunga spp.) infections in humans and domestic animals: state of the art","volume":"23","author":"Pampiglione","year":"2009"},{"key":"R19","series-title":"Parasitol Res","first-page":"1","article-title":"Investigations on the biology, epidemiology, pathology and control of Tunga penetrans in Brazil. VI. Natural history of the infestation in laboratory-raised Wistar rats","volume":"102","author":"Feldmeier","year":"2007"},{"key":"R20","series-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop","first-page":"63","article-title":"Tungiasis: a neglected disease causing severe morbidity in a shantytown in Fortaleza, State of Cear\u00e1","volume":"40","author":"Ariza","year":"2007"},{"key":"R21","series-title":"Parasitol Res","first-page":"371","article-title":"Investigations on the biology, epidemiology, pathology and control of Tunga penetrans in Brazil. V. Cytokine concentrations in experimentally infected Wistar rats.","volume":"94","author":"Feldmeier","year":"2004"},{"key":"R22","series-title":"Parasitol Res","first-page":"87","article-title":"Investigations on the biology, epidemiology, pathology and control of Tunga penetrans in Brazil. I. Natural history of tungiasis in man","volume":"90","author":"Eisele","year":"2003"},{"key":"R23","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e324","article-title":"Controlling tungiasis in an impoverished community: an intervention study","volume":"2","author":"Pilger","year":"2008"},{"key":"R24","series-title":"Int J Dermatol","first-page":"475","article-title":"Tungiasis: high prevalence, parasite load, and morbidity in a rural community in Lagos State, Nigeria","volume":"46","author":"Ugbomoiko","year":"2007"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/87\/1\/article-p125.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/87\/1\/article-p125.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/87\/1\/article-p125.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T17:51:16Z","timestamp":1723053076000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/87\/1\/article-p125.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,2]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.11-0073","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-9637"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1476-1645"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,2]]}}}