{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:01:12Z","timestamp":1792627272738,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The geographic pattern of human risk for infection with <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> sensu stricto, the tick-borne pathogen that causes Lyme disease, was mapped for the eastern United States. The map is based on standardized field sampling in 304 sites of the density of <jats:italic>Ixodes scapularis<\/jats:italic> host-seeking nymphs infected with <jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>, which is closely associated with human infection risk. Risk factors for the presence and density of infected nymphs were used to model a continuous 8 km\u00d78 km resolution predictive surface of human risk, including confidence intervals for each pixel. Discontinuous Lyme disease risk foci were identified in the Northeast and upper Midwest, with a transitional zone including sites with uninfected <jats:italic>I. scapularis<\/jats:italic> populations. Given frequent under- and over-diagnoses of Lyme disease, this map could act as a tool to guide surveillance, control, and prevention efforts and act as a baseline for studies tracking the spread of infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.11-0395","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,6]],"date-time":"2012-02-06T21:50:37Z","timestamp":1328565037000},"page":"320-327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":255,"title":["Human Risk of Infection with Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme Disease Agent, in Eastern United States"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Diuk-Wasser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne Gatewood","family":"Hoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Cislo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Brinkerhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Hamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Rowland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Cortinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwena\u00ebl","family":"Vourc'h","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Forrest","family":"Melton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham J.","family":"Hickling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean I.","family":"Tsao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Bunikis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan G.","family":"Barbour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uriel","family":"Kitron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Piesman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Durland","family":"Fish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Clin Res","first-page":"368A","article-title":"Lyme arthritis: the enlarging clinical spectrum","volume":"25","year":"1977"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"321","first-page":"586","article-title":"Lyme disease. 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