{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T06:28:16Z","timestamp":1764570496048},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigated <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic> priming as a consequence of maternal parasitic infections. Cord blood plasma samples of 63 African newborns were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for their content of total and schistosome-specific or filaria-specific IgE and IgG4. The frequencies of lymphocyte phenotypes in cord blood were also determined by using flow cytometry, and were compared with those of European newborns. We found significantly increased schistosome soluble egg antigen (SEA)\u2013specific IgE in cord plasma of those born to mothers with schistosome infections and correlations between fetal and maternal SEA-specific and filaria antigen\u2013specific IgE. These data are evidence for <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic> priming of the fetal immune system to maternal helminth infections. Furthermore, we show significantly enhanced percentages of CD5\u2013 B cells in African newborns cord blood compared with Europeans, which is consistent with earlier maturation of the African fetal immune system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.11-0463","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,4]],"date-time":"2012-04-04T22:40:09Z","timestamp":1333579209000},"page":"613-619","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Association of In Utero Sensitization to Schistosoma haematobium with Enhanced Cord Blood IgE and Increased Frequencies of CD5\u2013 B Cells in African Newborns"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Larsen S.","family":"Seydel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Petelski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Govert J.","family":"van Dam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Desiree","family":"van der Kleij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yvonne C. M.","family":"Kruize-Hoeksma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian J. F.","family":"Luty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Yazdanbakhsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Kremsner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Adv Parasitol","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)60276-6","article-title":"Transmission of parasites across the placenta","volume":"21","author":"Loke","year":"1982"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"Parasitol Res","first-page":"137","article-title":"Susceptibility of neonate mice born to Schistosoma mansoni-infected and noninfected mothers to subsequent S. mansoni infection","volume":"99","author":"Attallah","year":"2006"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"J Immunol","first-page":"3578","article-title":"B cell sensitization to helminthic infection develops in utero in humans","volume":"160","author":"King","year":"1998"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"J Immunol","first-page":"6843","article-title":"Helminth- and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin-induced immunity in children sensitized in utero to filariasis and schistosomiasis","volume":"162","author":"Malhotra","year":"1999"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"Immunobiology","first-page":"101","article-title":"Congenital exposure to Schistosoma mansoni infection: impact on the future immune response and the disease outcome","volume":"215","author":"Othman","year":"2010"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"Clin Exp Immunol","first-page":"130","article-title":"Prenatal immune priming in onchocerciasis: Onchocerca volvulus-specific cellular responsiveness and cytokine production in newborns from infected mothers","volume":"117","author":"Soboslay","year":"1999"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"J Clin Invest","first-page":"1124","article-title":"Prenatal allergic sensitization to helminth antigens in offspring of parasite-infected mothers","volume":"71","author":"Weil","year":"1983"},{"key":"R8","series-title":"J Infect Dis","first-page":"1005","article-title":"Prenatal T cell immunity to Wuchereria bancrofti and its effect on filarial immunity and infection susceptibility during childhood","volume":"193","author":"Malhotra","year":"2006"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"J Egypt Soc Parasitol","first-page":"539","article-title":"Anti-schistosomal IgE and its relation to gastrointestinal allergy in breast-fed infants of Schistosoma mansoni infected mothers","volume":"28","author":"Noureldin","year":"1998"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol","first-page":"461","article-title":"Investigation of the influence of maternal infection with Wuchereria bancrofti on the humoral and cellular responses of neonates to filarial antigens","volume":"91","author":"Hitch","year":"1997"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"Nature","first-page":"1029","article-title":"Schistosomiasis: prenatal induction of tolerance to antigens","volume":"224","author":"Lewert","year":"1969"},{"key":"R12","series-title":"J Clin Invest","first-page":"1759","article-title":"In utero exposure to helminth and mycobacterial antigens generates cytokine responses similar to that observed in adults","volume":"99","author":"Malhotra","year":"1997"},{"key":"R13","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"1017","article-title":"Placental malaria increases malaria risk in the first 30 months of life","volume":"47","author":"Schwarz","year":"2008"},{"key":"R14","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"74","article-title":"Evaluation of circulating antigens by a sandwich radioimmunoassay, and of antibodies and immune complexes, in Schistosoma mansoni-infected African parturients and their newborn children","volume":"29","author":"Carlier","year":"1980"},{"key":"R15","series-title":"J Egypt Soc Parasitol","first-page":"773","article-title":"Transmission of circulating schistosomal antigens from infected mothers to their newborns","volume":"27","author":"Hassan","year":"1997"},{"key":"R16","series-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol","first-page":"160","article-title":"Efficacy of the placental barrier for immunoglobulins: correlations between maternal, paternal and fetal immunoglobulin levels","volume":"103","author":"Avrech","year":"1994"},{"key":"R17","series-title":"J Egypt Soc Parasitol","first-page":"523","article-title":"Effect of Schistosoma mansoni infection on offsprings born from infected mothers","volume":"28","author":"el-Nahal","year":"1998"},{"key":"R18","series-title":"Scand J Immunol","first-page":"429","article-title":"Immune responses during human schistosomiasis mansoni. 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