{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T17:26:16Z","timestamp":1767374776325},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>More than 340 million cases of bacterial and protozoal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) occur annually. Approximately 70,000 refugees arrive in the United States on a yearly basis. Refugees are a particularly disenfranchised and vulnerable population. The prevalence of <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> and gonorrhea in refugee populations has not been described, and the utility of routine screening is unknown. We performed a descriptive evaluation of 25,779 refugees who completed a screening medical examination in Minnesota during 2003\u20132010. A total of 18,516 (72%) refugees were tested for at least one STI: 183 (1.1%) of 17,235 were seropositive for syphilis, 15 (0.6%) of 2,512 were positive for <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>, 5 (0.2%) of 2,403 were positive for gonorrhea, 136 (2.0%) of 6,765 were positive for human immunodeficiency virus, and 6 (0.1%) of 5,873 were positive for multiple STIs. Overall prevalence of <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> (0.6%) and gonorrhea (0.2%) infection was low, which indicated that routine screening may not be indicated. However, further research on this subject is encouraged.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.11-0527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,6]],"date-time":"2012-02-06T21:50:37Z","timestamp":1328565037000},"page":"292-295","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Sexually Transmitted Infections in Newly Arrived Refugees: Is Routine Screening for Neisseria gonorrheae and Chlamydia trachomatis Infection Indicated?"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"William M.","family":"Stauffer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Painter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blain","family":"Mamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robyn","family":"Kaiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Weinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stuart","family":"Berman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"year":"2007","series-title":"Global Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Infections 2006\u20132015: Breaking the Chain of Transmission","author":"World Health Organization","key":"R1"},{"series-title":"Statistical Yearbook 2007: Trends in Displacement, Protection, and Solutions","author":"United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR). Geneva, Switzerland","key":"R2"},{"series-title":"Office of Refugee Resettlement \u2013 Refugee Arrival Data. FY 2000\u20132009","author":"United States Department of Health and Human Services","key":"R3"},{"series-title":"Revision of 42 CFR Part 34 (Medical Examination of Aliens) Removal of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) from Definition of Communicable Disease of Public Health Significance \u2013 Final Rule","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","key":"R4"},{"series-title":"Medical Examination of Immigrants and Refugees \u2013 Technical Instructions for Panel Physicians","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","key":"R5"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"Morb Mort Wkly Rep","first-page":"1\u2013","article-title":"Sexually transmitted disease treatment guidelines","volume":"15","author":"Workowski","year":"2010"},{"series-title":"Minnesota Refugee Health Provider Guide 2007. Sexually Transmitted Diseases","author":"Minnesota Department of Health","key":"R7"},{"series-title":"Electronic System for the Health Assessment of Refugees (eShare)","author":"Minnesota Department of Health","key":"R8"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"Ann Intern Med","first-page":"89","article-title":"Gonorrhea and Chlamydia in the United States among persons 14 to 39 years of age, 1999 to 2002","volume":"147","author":"Datta","year":"2007"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"Ann Intern Med","first-page":"128","article-title":"Screening for chlamydial infection: recommendation statement","volume":"147","author":"United States Preventative Services Task Force","year":"2007"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"Ann Fam Med","first-page":"263","article-title":"Screening for gonorrhea: recommendation statement","volume":"3","author":"United States Preventive Services Task Force","year":"2005"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/86\/2\/article-p292.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/86\/2\/article-p292.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/86\/2\/article-p292.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T18:05:47Z","timestamp":1723053947000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/86\/2\/article-p292.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.11-0527","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-9637"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1476-1645"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]]}}}