{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T01:28:49Z","timestamp":1777598929862,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Serum samples from 489 free-ranging white-tailed deer (<jats:italic>Odocoileus virginianus<\/jats:italic>) were screened for antibodies against the Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) using plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNTs). EEEV antibodies were detected in 10.2% of serum samples. This is the first evidence that EEEV is present in Vermont. Serum was collected from deer in all 14 counties in the state, and positive EEEV sera were found in 12 (85%) of 14 counties, suggesting statewide EEEV activity in Vermont. Analysis of the spatial distribution of PRNT-positive samples revealed a random distribution of EEEV throughout the state. The results indicate widespread EEEV activity in Vermont and suggest that EEEV is not a recent introduction to the state but that EEEV activity has not been detected until now.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.12-0236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,4]],"date-time":"2012-12-04T15:51:11Z","timestamp":1354636271000},"page":"103-107","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Serological Evidence for Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus Activity in White-Tailed Deer, Odocoileus virginianus, in Vermont, 2010"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Erica","family":"Berl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca J.","family":"Eisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"MacMillan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bethany N.","family":"Swope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kali D.","family":"Saxton-Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan C.","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jon P.","family":"Turmel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John-Paul","family":"Mutebi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Mandell, Douglas and Bennett's Principles and Practices of Infectious Disease","first-page":"1913","article-title":"Alphaviruses","author":"Markott","year":"2005"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep","first-page":"697","article-title":"Eastern equine encephalitis \u2013 New Hampshire and Massachusetts, August\u2013September 2005","volume":"55","author":"Stull","year":"2006"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1867","article-title":"Clinical and Neuroradiographic manifestations for eastern equine encephalitis","volume":"336","author":"Deresiewicz","year":"1997"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"Neurology","first-page":"736","article-title":"Eastern equine encephalitis in Massachusetts: a report of 16 cases, 1970\u20131984","volume":"38","author":"Przelomski","year":"1988"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"522","article-title":"Infection and transmission of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus with colonized Culiseta melanura (coquillett)","volume":"23","author":"Howard","year":"1974"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1869","article-title":"Eastern equine encephalitis virus in mosquitoes and their role as bridge vectors","volume":"16","author":"Armstrong","year":"2010"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"J Am Mosq Control Assoc","first-page":"429","article-title":"Eastern equine encephalitis transmission to emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) in Volusia County, Florida: 1992 through 1994","volume":"12","author":"Day","year":"1996"},{"key":"R8","series-title":"Vet Intern Med","first-page":"846","article-title":"Eastern equine encephalitis in 9 South American camelids","volume":"21","author":"Nolen-Walston","year":"2007"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"The Arboviruses: Epidemiology and Ecology","first-page":"1","article-title":"Eastern equine encephalomyelitis","author":"Morris","year":"1988"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"89","article-title":"Medically important arboviruses of the United States and Canada","volume":"7","author":"Calisher","year":"1994"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis","first-page":"637","article-title":"Eastern equine encephalitis: an emerging arboviral disease threat, Maine, 2009","volume":"11","author":"Gibney","year":"2011"},{"key":"R12","series-title":"Can Vet J","first-page":"1011","article-title":"An eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE) outbreak in Quebec in the fall of 2008","volume":"51","author":"Ch\u00e9nier","year":"2010"},{"key":"R13","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"454","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of eastern equine encephalitis virus, New York","volume":"14","author":"Young","year":"2008"},{"key":"R14","series-title":"Summary of Eastern Equine Encephalitis Cases in the United States. 2009 March 13","author":"United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant and Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services","year":"2008"},{"key":"R15","series-title":"Hardwood Swamps of Vermont: Distribution, Ecology, Classification, and Some Sites of Ecological Significance for Nongame and Natural Heritage Program. 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