{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T01:22:09Z","timestamp":1792200129115,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A better understanding of the mechanism of anemia associated with\n                    <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection might provide useful information on how treatment programs are implemented to minimize schistosomiasis-associated morbidity and maximize treatment impact. We used a cross-sectional study with serum samples from 206 Kenyan school children to determine the mechanisms in\n                    <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    -associated anemia. Serum ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor levels were measured by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results suggest that\n                    <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    -infected persons are more likely (odds ratio = 3.68, 95% confidence interval = 1.33\u201310.1) to have levels of serum ferritin (&gt; 100 ng\/mL) that are associated with anemia of inflammation (AI) than\n                    <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    -uninfected children. Our results suggest that AI is the most common form of anemia in\n                    <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections. In contrast, the mechanism of anemia in\n                    <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    -uninfected children was iron deficiency. Moreover, the prevalence of AI in the study participants demonstrated a significant trend with\n                    <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection intensity (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001). Our results are consistent with those observed in\n                    <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    -associated anemia.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.12-0248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,21]],"date-time":"2012-09-21T11:15:22Z","timestamp":1348226122000},"page":"862-867","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Mechanism of Anemia in Schistosoma mansoni\u2013Infected School Children in Western Kenya"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Sara E.","family":"Butler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erick M.","family":"Muok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan P.","family":"Montgomery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keziah","family":"Odhiambo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline M. N.","family":"Mwinzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Evan","family":"Secor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana M. S.","family":"Karanja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"411","article-title":"Schistosomiasis and water resources development: systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimates of people at risk","volume":"6","author":"Steinmann","year":"2006"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"Schistosomiasis Fact Sheet","author":"Global Network","year":"2009"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1561","article-title":"Reassessment of the cost of chronic helmintic infection: a meta-analysis of disability-related outcomes in endemic schistosomiasis","volume":"365","author":"King","year":"2005"},{"issue":"(Suppl)","key":"R4","series-title":"Parasitology","first-page":"S107","article-title":"The impact of schistosomiasis on human nutrition","volume":"107","author":"Stephenson","year":"1993"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"Proc Nutr 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