{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T00:35:29Z","timestamp":1791074129338,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Tropheryma whipplei<\/jats:italic>, the bacterium linked to Whipple's disease, is involved in acute infections and asymptomatic carriage. In rural Senegal, the prevalence of <jats:italic>T. whipplei<\/jats:italic> is generally high but is not homogeneous throughout households in the same village. We studied environmental samples collected in two Senegalese villages and conducted the survey to investigate the difference between households. Overall, the comparison between five households with very high <jats:italic>T. whipplei<\/jats:italic> prevalence and three households without any registered cases showed that the only difference was the presence of toilets in the latter (1\/5 versus 3\/3; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01423). Among the 1,002 environmental specimens (including domestic and synanthropic animals and dust sampled in households) tested for <jats:italic>T. whipplei<\/jats:italic> DNA, only four specimens were slightly positive. Humans are currently the predominant identified reservoir and source of <jats:italic>T. whipplei<\/jats:italic> in these populations. Limited access to toilets and exposure to human feces facilitate the fecal-oral transmission of <jats:italic>T. whipplei<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.12-0614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,19]],"date-time":"2012-12-19T03:06:34Z","timestamp":1355886394000},"page":"339-343","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Looking for Tropheryma whipplei Source and Reservoir in Rural Senegal"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Alpha Kabinet","family":"Keita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oleg","family":"Mediannikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Ratmanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georges","family":"Diatta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hubert","family":"Bassene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e9mentine","family":"Roucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adama","family":"Tall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheikh","family":"Sokhna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Trape","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Raoult","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Fenollar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"N 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Senegal","volume":"15","author":"Fenollar","year":"2009"},{"key":"R19","series-title":"Microbiology","first-page":"521","article-title":"Genotyping reveals a wide heterogeneity of Tropheryma whipplei","volume":"154","author":"Li","year":"2008"},{"key":"R20","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e821","article-title":"Tick-borne rickettsioses, neglected emerging diseases in rural Senegal","volume":"4","author":"Mediannikov","year":"2010"},{"key":"R21","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e654","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii in humans and ticks in rural Senegal","volume":"6","author":"Mediannikov","year":"2010"},{"key":"R22","series-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis","first-page":"360","article-title":"A new Rickettsia species found in fleas collected from human dwellings and from domestic cats and dogs in Senegal","volume":"12","author":"Roucher","year":"2012"},{"key":"R23","series-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis","article-title":"The correlation of Q 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