{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T02:55:56Z","timestamp":1777517756325,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The emergence of artemisinin-resistant <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> parasites in Southeast Asia threatens malaria control and elimination. The interconnectedness of parasite populations may be essential to monitor the spread of resistance. Combining a published barcoding system of geographically restricted single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), mainly mitochondria of <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> with SNPs in the K13 artemisinin resistance marker, could elucidate the parasite population structure and provide insight regarding the spread of drug resistance. We explored the diversity of mitochondrial SNPs (bp position 611-2825) and identified K13 SNPs from malaria patients in the districts of India (Ranchi), Tanzania (Korogwe), and Senegal (Podor, Richard Toll, Kaolack, and Ndoffane). DNA was amplified using a nested PCR and Sanger-sequenced. Overall, 199 K13 sequences (India: <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 92; Tanzania: <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 48; Senegal: <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 59) and 237 mitochondrial sequences (India: <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 93; Tanzania: <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 48; Senegal: <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 96) were generated. SNPs were identified by comparisons with reference genomes. We detected previously reported geographically restricted mitochondrial SNPs (T2175C and G1367A) as markers for parasites originating from the Indian subcontinent and several geographically unrestricted mitochondrial SNPs. Combining haplotypes with published <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> mitochondrial genome data suggested possible regional differences within India. All three countries had G1692A, but Tanzanian and Senegalese SNPs were well-differentiated. Some mitochondrial SNPs are reported here for the first time. Four nonsynonymous K13 SNPs were detected: K189T (India, Tanzania, Senegal); A175T (Tanzania); and A174V and R255K (Senegal). This study supports the use of mitochondrial SNPs to determine the origin of the parasite and suggests that the <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> populations studied were susceptible to artemisinin during sampling because all K13 SNPs observed were outside the propeller domain for artemisinin resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]],"date-time":"2021-07-16T12:26:11Z","timestamp":1626438371000},"page":"1085-1092","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Identification of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome and Kelch 13 Gene of Plasmodium falciparum in Different Geographical Populations"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Tine Kliim","family":"Nydahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;"},{"name":"9Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel Yao","family":"Ahorhorlu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Centre for Tropical Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Ghana;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magatte","family":"Ndiaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Service de Parasitologie\u2013Mycologie, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta DIOP, Dakar, Senegal;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manoj Kumar","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Field Unit, National Institute of Malaria Research, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helle","family":"Hansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;"},{"name":"9Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina Crespo","family":"Bravo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;"},{"name":"9Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian William","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;"},{"name":"9Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Lusingu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5National Institute for Medical Research, Tanga Centre, Tanzania;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Theisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;"},{"name":"9Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susheel Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;"},{"name":"9Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Subhash","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Campino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ole","family":"Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"8Genomic Epidemiology, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cally","family":"Roper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Alifrangis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;"},{"name":"9Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/105\/4\/article-p1085.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/105\/4\/article-p1085.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]],"date-time":"2021-10-06T19:13:00Z","timestamp":1633547580000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/105\/4\/article-p1085.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0320","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]}}}