{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T18:38:40Z","timestamp":1784918320356,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Poliomyelitis (polio) is a communicable viral disease that mainly affects under-5 children. This study focuses on the impact of women\u2019s empowerment and women\u2019s working status on the uptake of polio vaccination of children in polio-endemic countries, including Pakistan and Afghanistan, and Nigeria, the latter of which has recently been declared polio-free. The polio vaccination status can be divided into no vaccination (NV), incomplete vaccination (IV), and complete vaccination. We used data from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) rounds for this manuscript. Multinomial logistic regression-based estimates suggest that mothers\u2019 working status, empowerment, age, education, father\u2019s education, and household wealth status reduce the risk of NV and IV in the polio-endemic countries (Afghanistan and Pakistan) and Nigeria. In addition, the mothers\u2019 working status, empowerment, age, education, and father\u2019s education increase the child\u2019s healthcare information that helps complete polio vaccination of the child. On the other hand, the children whose mothers work in the agriculture sector or are engaged in a blue-collar job are more likely to remain unvaccinated than women in white-collar jobs. Similarly, mothers engaged in government jobs are more likely to get their children fully vaccinated than unemployed mothers. Thus, as a child\u2019s polio vaccination is strongly dependent on a mother\u2019s working status and empowerment, the focus of public policy on empowering women and promoting their labor force participation may increase polio vaccination uptake, besides adopting other measures to increase immunization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T13:14:45Z","timestamp":1630329285000},"page":"1301-1308","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Maternal Correlates of Poliomyelitis Vaccination Uptake: Evidence from Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Muzammil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameen","family":"Zafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Suleman Dawood School of Business, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shazia","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Usman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafi","family":"Amir-ud-Din","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/105\/5\/article-p1301.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/105\/5\/article-p1301.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,3]],"date-time":"2021-11-03T14:33:09Z","timestamp":1635949989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/105\/5\/article-p1301.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0327","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,3]]}}}