{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T20:33:20Z","timestamp":1779309200687,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]],"date-time":"2021-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633478400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Rapid and accurate diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is needed to initiate prompt treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality. Here, we evaluated the performance of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the diagnosis of VL from blood in an endemic area in Ethiopia. LAMP was positive in 117\/122 confirmed VL cases and negative in 149\/152 controls, resulting in a sensitivity of 95.9% (95% CI: 90.69\u201398.66) and a specificity of 98.0% (95% CI: 94.34\u201399.59), respectively. The sensitivity of the LAMP assay was 95.0% (95% CI: 88.61\u201398.34) in HIV-negatives and 100% (95% CI: 85.18\u2013100.0) in HIV-positives. Compared with microscopy, LAMP detected 82\/87 (94.3%, 95% CI: 87.10\u201398.11) of the microscopy+ cases and was negative in 11\/27 (40.7%, 95% CI: 22.39\u201361.20) of the microscopy\u2212 cases. Compared with the rK39 serology, LAMP detected 113\/120 (94.2%, 95% CI: 88.35\u201397.62) of the rK39+ cases and was negative in 149\/154 (96.8%, 95% CI: 92.59\u201398.94) of the rK39\u2212 cases. However, when compared with microscopy only, rK39 detected 83\/87 (95.4%, 95% CI: 88.64\u201398.73) of the microscopy+ cases and negative in only 12\/27 (44.4%, 95% CI: 25.48\u201364.67) of the microscopy\u2013 cases. There was an excellent agreement between rK39 and LAMP (Kappa = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86\u20130.96). Furthermore, an algorithm using rK39 followed by LAMP would yield a sensitivity of 99.2% (95%CI: 95.52\u201399.89) and a specificity of 98.0% (95% CI: 94.34\u201399.59). The findings demonstrate that LAMP assay is an accurate and rapid molecular assay for VL diagnosis, including in HIV-1 coinfected patients, in an endemic setting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T13:05:26Z","timestamp":1627304726000},"page":"1050-1055","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Utility of the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for the Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis from Blood Samples in Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Dawit Gebreegzabher","family":"Hagos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Mekelle University College of Health Sciences, Mekelle, Ethiopia;"},{"name":"2Parasitology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yazezew Kebede","family":"Kiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Mekelle University College of Health Sciences, Mekelle, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmud","family":"Abdulkader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Mekelle University College of Health Sciences, Mekelle, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zekarias Gessessew","family":"Arefaine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Mekelle University College of Health Sciences, Mekelle, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Etsay","family":"Nigus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Mekelle University College of Health Sciences, Mekelle, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henk H. D. F.","family":"Schallig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Parasitology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dawit","family":"Wolday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Mekelle University College of Health Sciences, Mekelle, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/105\/4\/article-p1050.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/105\/4\/article-p1050.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]],"date-time":"2021-10-06T18:41:06Z","timestamp":1633545666000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/105\/4\/article-p1050.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0334","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]}}}