{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T13:18:11Z","timestamp":1742390291216},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis <\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic>) is a complex pathogen causing multiple possible disease states in its host including latency, active disease, and elimination. While there is reasonable indirect evidence of elimination of tuberculosis (TB) in the absence of treatment, direct reports of autoregression are rare. We report a case of smear-negative, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive TB disease regression in the absence of therapy due to severe adverse effects from antimycobacterial drugs. Indirect reports of TB autoregression, or self-cure, in the literature are reviewed, and an updated framework for conceptualizing <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic> infection is discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]],"date-time":"2022-08-15T14:05:27Z","timestamp":1660572327000},"page":"595-599","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Case Report: Tuberculosis Autoregression after Minimal Treatment and Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Chelsea","family":"Walter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Acu\u00f1a-Villaorduna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts;"},{"name":"Lemuel Shattuck Hospital, Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natasha S.","family":"Hochberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts;"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pranay","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","year":"2020"},{"key":"b2","year":"2019"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep","first-page":"1","article-title":"Guidelines for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection: recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC, 2020","volume":"2020:","author":"Sterling","year":"2020"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"1","article-title":"Incipient and subclinical tuberculosis: a clinical review of early stages and progression of infection","volume":"31:","author":"Drain","year":"2018"},{"key":"b5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","author":"Pai","year":"2016","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.76"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"BMJ","first-page":"1","article-title":"Revisiting the timetable of tuberculosis","volume":"362:","author":"Behr","year":"2018"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Nat Rev Immunol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.69","article-title":"Heterogeneity in tuberculosis","volume":"17:","author":"Cadena","year":"2017"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Tuberculosis (Edinb)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2015.04.003","article-title":"Latent tuberculosis infection - revisiting and revising concepts","volume":"95:","author":"Salgame","year":"2015"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"PLoS One","article-title":"Natural history of tuberculosis: duration and fatality of untreated pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV negative patients: a systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Tiemersma","year":"2011"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Acta Tuberc Pneumol Scand","first-page":"311","article-title":"Some clinical features of tuberculosis. 1. Incubation period","volume":"24:","year":"1950"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Tubercle.","article-title":"The time-table of tuberculosis","author":"Wallgren","year":"1948"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"JAMA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2767","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.22.2767","article-title":"Evolution of tuberculosis control and prospects for reducing tuberculosis incidence, prevalence, and deaths globally","volume":"293:","author":"Dye","year":"2005"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz569","article-title":"Estimating long-term tuberculosis reactivation rates in Australian migrants","volume":"70:","author":"Dale","year":"2020"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Microbiol Spectr","article-title":"Chemotherapy of tuberculosis","volume":"5","author":"Dobbs","year":"2017"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"JAMA Netw Open","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diabetes status and association with risk of tuberculosis among Korean adults","volume":"4:","author":"Yoo","year":"2021"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201006-0963PP","article-title":"Human lung immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: insights into pathogenesis and protection","volume":"183:","author":"Schwander","year":"2011"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2236","article-title":"The spectrum of latent tuberculosis: rethinking the goals of prophylaxis","volume":"7:","author":"Barry","year":"2009"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Nat Rev Immunol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-018-0025-3","article-title":"Immunological mechanisms of human resistance to persistent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","volume":"18:","author":"Simmons","year":"2018"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(08)70071-9","article-title":"Tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection in close contacts of people with pulmonary tuberculosis in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8:","author":"Morrison","year":"2008"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"BMC Infect Dis","first-page":"1","article-title":"Tuberculosis sanatorium treatment at the advent of the chemotherapy era","volume":"20:","author":"Zwick","year":"2020"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Tubercle","first-page":"107","article-title":"The survival of sputum-positive consumptives; a study of 1,192 cases in a county borough between 1914 and 1940","volume":"28:","author":"Tattersal","year":"1947"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"1","article-title":"Autopsy prevalence of tuberculosis and other potentially treatable infections among adults with advanced HIV enrolled in out-patient care in South Africa","volume":"11:","author":"Karat","year":"2016"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Nat Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4161","article-title":"Characterization of progressive HIV-associated tuberculosis using 2-deoxy-2-[18 F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission and computed tomography","volume":"22:","author":"Esmail","year":"2016"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"J Infect Dis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1086\/656772","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific cellular immune profiles suggest bacillary persistence decades after spontaneous cure in untreated tuberculosis","volume":"202:","author":"Millington","year":"2010"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/107\/3\/article-p595.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/107\/3\/article-p595.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/107\/3\/article-p595.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T12:13:16Z","timestamp":1663243996000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/107\/3\/article-p595.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0839","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]}}}