{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T21:06:05Z","timestamp":1780088765768,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>As the malaria elimination target draws closer for India, it must be ensured that the country\u2019s policies, strategies, and tools remain effective. Artemisinin-based combination therapies are the mainstay of <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria management. India has a differential standard therapy for uncomplicated <jats:italic>falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria in the form of artemether\u2013lumefantrine in its northeastern states and artesunate + sulfadoxine\u2013pyrimethamine in the rest of the country. The clinical failure of artesunate + sulfadoxine\u2013pyrimethamine in the northeast regions was attributed primarily to parasite resistance resulting from mutations in the enzymes dihydropteroate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase. Artemether\u2013lumefantrine was therefore substituted for artesunate + sulfadoxine\u2013pyrimethamine in the region. The change has been a success, as evidenced by the therapeutic efficacy studies conducted at regular intervals in India. However, studies suggest that resistance may be emerging toward sulfadoxine\u2013pyrimethamine in multiple parts of the nation. Hence, there is a possibility that the artesunate + sulfadoxine\u2013pyrimethamine combination may be acting in part as a monotherapy, and this makes the longevity of the artesunate + sulfadoxine\u2013pyrimethamine drug combination therapy uncertain. The increasing presence of drug-resistant mutants in <jats:italic>P. falciparum dhps<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>dhfr<\/jats:italic> genes suggests the need for a policy switch for uncomplicated <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria from artesunate + sulfadoxine\u2013pyrimethamine to artemether\u2013lumefantrine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.21-1095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]],"date-time":"2022-03-14T12:32:49Z","timestamp":1647261169000},"page":"1305-1310","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["India Needs to Consider Planning a Change to Artemether\u2013Lumefantrine to Treat Plasmodium falciparum Malaria"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Manju","family":"Rahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rini","family":"Chaturvedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Molecular Medicine Group, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritu","family":"Goswami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3National Institute of Medical Research, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Molecular Medicine Group, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India;"},{"name":"3National Institute of Medical Research, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/106\/5\/article-p1305.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/106\/5\/article-p1305.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]],"date-time":"2022-05-04T11:39:05Z","timestamp":1651664345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/106\/5\/article-p1305.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.21-1095","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]]}}}