{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T08:28:31Z","timestamp":1793780911264,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]],"date-time":"2022-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651622400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness. In 2016, Morocco was validated by WHO as having eliminated trachoma as a public health problem. We evaluated two previously endemic districts in Morocco for trachomatous inflammation\u2014follicular (TF), trachomatous trichiasis (TT), and antibodies against <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>, the causative agent of trachoma. Community-based cross-sectional surveys in the districts of Boumalene Dades and Agdez included 4,445 participants for whom both questionnaire and serology data were available; 58% were aged 1\u20139 years. Participants had eyes examined for TF and blood collected for analysis of antibodies to the <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic> antigen Pgp3 by both a multiplex bead assay (MBA) and lateral flow assay (LFA). Seroconversion rates (SCR) per 100 people per year were used to estimate changes in the force of infection using Bayesian serocatalytic models. In Agdez, TF prevalence in 1\u20139-year-olds was 0.3%, seroprevalence ranged from 9.4% to 11.4%, and SCR estimates ranged from 2.4 to 3.0. In Boumalene Dades, TF prevalence in 1\u20139-year-olds was 0.07%, and modeling data from the different assays indicated a decrease in transmission between 20 and 24 years ago. The TF data support an absence of active trachoma in the two districts examined. However, seroprevalence and SCR in younger people were higher in Agdez than Boumalene Dades, showing that there can be differences in serology metrics in areas with similar TF prevalence. Data will be included in multicountry analyses to better understand potential thresholds for serological surveillance in trachoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.21-1140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T13:18:54Z","timestamp":1648473534000},"page":"1370-1378","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Post-Validation Survey in Two Districts of Morocco after the Elimination of Trachoma as a Public Health Problem"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Jaouad","family":"Hammou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah Anne J.","family":"Guagliardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majdouline","family":"Obtel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco;"},{"name":"4Laboratory of Community Heath (Public Health, Preventive Medicine and Hygiene), Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachid","family":"Razine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco;"},{"name":"4Laboratory of Community Heath (Public Health, Preventive Medicine and Hygiene), Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbas Ermilo","family":"Haroun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco;"},{"name":"4Laboratory of Community Heath (Public Health, Preventive Medicine and Hygiene), Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Youbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Directorate of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Rabat, Morocco;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelkrim Meziane","family":"Bellefquih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Directorate of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Rabat, Morocco;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics Unit, Department of Global Health, Institute Pasteur, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Gwyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana L.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/106\/5\/article-p1370.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/106\/5\/article-p1370.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]],"date-time":"2022-05-04T11:39:56Z","timestamp":1651664396000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/106\/5\/article-p1370.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.21-1140","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]]}}}