{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T03:17:12Z","timestamp":1790306232200,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Data collection and monitoring of carbapenemase-producing (CP) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) are often limited. This study determined CP-GNB prevalence in Gabon and the genetic origins of the resistance genes. From January 2016 to March 2018, 869 clinically significant GNB isolates from inpatients and outpatients, and 19 fecal samples (inpatients) were analyzed in the main hospitals of Gabon. Fecal samples were screened using ChromID<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> CARBA SMART selective chromogenic medium biplates. Species were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization\u2013time of flight mass spectrometry. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the disk diffusion method on M\u00fcller\u2013Hinton agar, and resistance genes were assessed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Overall, 1.61% of clinical isolates (14 of 869) and 5.26% of fecal samples (1 of 19) were CP-GNB. The CP-GNB rate was higher among inpatients (2.98%) than outpatients (0.33%), in intensive care units (28.57%, 4 of 14), and in urine samples (35.71%, 5 of 14). The most common CP-GNB were <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (53.33%) and <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic> (26.67%). <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>OXA-48<\/jats:sub> was the predominant carbapenemase-encoding gene (40%), followed by <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>NDM-5<\/jats:sub> (33.33%). The <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> multilocus sequence types ST2 and ST78, <jats:italic>Enterobacter cloacae<\/jats:italic> ST78, <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> ST2, and <jats:italic>K. pneumonia<\/jats:italic> ST48 and ST147 were found. These data indicate that CP bacteria are present in clinical and carriage samples. Preventive measures are needed to avoid the spread of resistance genes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.22-0168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T13:07:40Z","timestamp":1671455260000},"page":"268-274","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Prevalence and Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria in Gabon"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Annicet-Clotaire","family":"Dikoumba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital d\u2019Instruction des Arm\u00e9es Omar Bongo Ondimba, Libreville, Gabon;"},{"name":"Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches M\u00e9dicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon;"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Bact\u00e9riologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, 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