{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:32:55Z","timestamp":1787031175743,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696377600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Lymphatic filariasis (LF) and onchocerciasis (OV) are among the neglected tropical diseases (NTD) targeted for elimination in Ethiopia. We used a transmission assessment survey (TAS-1) to evaluate the serological status of OV in three co-endemic districts in Gambella simultaneously. During May and June 2019, blood samples were collected from 6- to 7-year-old children who were randomly selected through standard community-based TAS methodology. Children were tested for both circulating filarial antigen (CFA) for LF via filariasis test strip and for\n                    <jats:italic>Onchocerca volvulus<\/jats:italic>\n                    16 (Ov16) antibody for OV via laboratory-based ELISA. A total of 3,377 children from 150 villages in the three districts were tested; 1,823 (54.0%) were male. All three districts had CFA results below the critical threshold for stopping LF mass drug administration (MDA). In contrast, 40 children (1.2%) were positive for Ov16 antibody, well above the WHO\u2019s OV stop MDA threshold of 0.1%. The integrated assessment indicated two programmatic decisions: stop MDA for LF and continue MDA for OV. Accordingly, albendazole MDA was discontinued in the districts but ivermectin MDA continued. This integrated assessment showed that a random sample for TAS can give important information about OV transmission status in co-endemic areas.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.22-0392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T11:22:01Z","timestamp":1694431321000},"page":"844-849","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Integrated Prevalence Assessment of Wuchereria bancrofti and Onchocerca volvulus in Three Co-Endemic Districts of Gambella Region, Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Hassen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aderajew","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tekola","family":"Endeshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tewodros","family":"Seid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fikresilasie","family":"Samuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadese","family":"Asmare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henok","family":"Birhanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Firdaweke","family":"Bekele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adane","family":"Yayeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fikre","family":"Seife","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mossie","family":"Tamiru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kadu","family":"Meribo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zerihun","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Griswold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moses","family":"Katabarwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory S.","family":"Noland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Global Partners Meeting on Neglected Tropical Diseases. Global Resolve to End Neglected Tropical Diseases amid Unprecedented Progress","year":"2017"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Lymphatic Filariasis: Managing Morbidity and Preventing Disability: An Aide-M\u00e9moire for National Programme Managers","year":"2013"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Guidelines for Stopping Mass Drug Administration and Verifying Elimination of Human Onchocerciasis: Criteria and Procedures","year":"2016"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Monitoring and Epidemiological Assessment of Mass Drug Administration in the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis: A Manual for National Elimination Programmes","year":"2011"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Pan Afr Med J","first-page":"9","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with transmission of lymphatic filariasis in South Sudan: a cross-sectional quantitative study","volume":"42","author":"Senkwe","year":"2022"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Ethiop Med J","first-page":"223","article-title":"Onchocerciasis among 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Dis","first-page":"e0006471","article-title":"Interruption of onchocerciasis transmission in Bioko Island: accelerating the movement from control to elimination in Equatorial Guinea","volume":"12","author":"Herrador","year":"2018"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"1585","article-title":"Serological evaluation of onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis elimination in the Bakoye and Fal\u00e9m\u00e9 foci, Mali","volume":"72","author":"Dolo","year":"2021"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"Pathog Glob Health","first-page":"344","article-title":"Presence of Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaremia despite 7 years of annual ivermectin monotherapy mass drug administration for onchocerciasis control: a study in north-west Ethiopia","volume":"109","author":"Endeshaw","year":"2015"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and 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