{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T23:17:14Z","timestamp":1782602234656,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The tribal population in and around the Western Ghats region of India is affected by both cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) with typical clinical symptoms. In this study, we recorded and analyzed seven CL and three VL cases from this emerging belt. All the cases were found as autochthonous transmission. Multiple genetic markers (minicircle kinetoplast DNA polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism of 3\u2032untranslated region <jats:italic>heat shock protein (HSP)<\/jats:italic> <jats:italic>70<\/jats:italic>, a larger segment of <jats:italic>HSP 70<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase<\/jats:italic> [<jats:italic>PGDH<\/jats:italic>] gene sequences) were used to identify and characterize the parasite. It was found that both clinical manifestations are caused by zymodeme MON-37 of <jats:italic>Leishmania donovani<\/jats:italic>. We have investigated the detailed entomological and epidemiological aspects of disease transmission. An abundant population of the proven vector <jats:italic>Phlebotomus argentipes<\/jats:italic> was observed in the study villages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.22-0586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T19:56:58Z","timestamp":1702929418000},"page":"59-63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Cutaneous and Visceral Leishmaniasis Caused by the Same Zymodeme of Leishmania donovani in Kerala, India"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Prasanta","family":"Saini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Council of Medical Research\u2013Vector Control Research Centre (Field Station), Kottayam, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pananchikkaparambil Abdu","family":"Fathima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Council of Medical Research\u2013Vector Control Research Centre (Field Station), Kottayam, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rema Suresh","family":"Aiswarya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Council of Medical Research\u2013Vector Control Research Centre (Field Station), Kottayam, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Puthenpurackal Madhavan","family":"Ajithlal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Council of Medical Research\u2013Vector Control Research Centre (Field Station), Kottayam, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koothupalakkal Ravi","family":"Rajesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease, Government Medical College, Thrissur, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surendran Maheswari","family":"Simi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Sree Gokulam Medical College Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narendran","family":"Pradeep Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Council of Medical Research\u2013Vector Control Research Centre (Field Station), Kottayam, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashwani","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Council of Medical Research\u2013Vector Control Research Centre, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e35671","article-title":"Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence","volume":"7","author":"Alvar","year":"2012"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Leishmaniasis","year":"2023"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Med Microbiol","first-page":"157","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani in the tribal population of the Agasthyamala 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