{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T04:03:56Z","timestamp":1784520236907,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:italic>Purpureocillium lilacinum<\/jats:italic>, widely used as a commercial biocontrol agent for controlling plant-parasitic nematodes, is an emerging opportunistic pathogen in humans and is increasingly reported, especially among immunocompromised patients. We report a classic case of cutaneous mycosis caused by <jats:italic>P. lilacinum.<\/jats:italic> A 51-year-old Chinese woman who received tacrolimus and glucocorticoid therapy for 3 years for nephrotic syndrome experienced recurrent papules, pustules, and ulceration on her right ring finger and subcutaneous nodules on her forearm 6 months ago. A lesion biopsy on the right ring finger revealed multiple epithelioid granulomas in the dermis and fat layer containing slender, pigmented fungal hyphae. The fungal culture showed the growth of violet floccose colonies. Lactophenol cotton blue culture stain demonstrated brush-like phialides, with a swollen basal part attached to chains of conidia. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal DNA, alignment with GenBank, and use of a Basic Local Alignment Search Tool analysis led to the identification of <jats:italic>P. lilacinum.<\/jats:italic> Treatment with oral voriconazole was successful.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.22-0608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T13:54:51Z","timestamp":1676901291000},"page":"693-695","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Case Report: Cutaneous Mycosis Caused by Purpureocillium lilacinum"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases and Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangfang","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases and Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianmei","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases and Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases and Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Furen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases and Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Microbes Infect","first-page":"1","article-title":"Neglected and emerging fungal infections: review of hyalohyphomycosis by Paecilomyces lilacinus focusing in disease burden, in\u00a0vitro antifungal susceptibility and management","volume":"14","author":"Antas","year":"2012"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"JAAD Case Rep","first-page":"10","article-title":"Cutaneous dermatomycosis with concurrent Paecilomyces lilacinus and Candida guilliermondii in a patient with longstanding diabetes","volume":"19","author":"Kam","year":"2021"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect","first-page":"170","article-title":"Endophthalmitis caused by Purpureocillium lilacinum.","volume":"52","author":"Guo","year":"2019"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Mycopathologia","first-page":"345","article-title":"Use of voriconazole for the treatment of Paecilomyces lilacinus cutaneous infections: case presentation and review of published literature","volume":"175","author":"Rimawi","year":"2013"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"J Fungi (Basel)","first-page":"321","article-title":"Amphotericin B, and other polyenes\u2013discovery, clinical use, mode of action and drug resistance","volume":"6","author":"Carolus","year":"2020"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"J Fungi (Basel)","first-page":"684","article-title":"Species identification and in\u00a0vitro antifungal susceptibility of Paecilomyces\/Purpureocillium species isolated from clinical respiratory samples: a multicenter study","volume":"8","author":"Monpierre","year":"2022"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother","first-page":"1593","article-title":"Invasive infections with Purpureocillium lilacinum: clinical characteristics and outcome of 101 cases from FungiScope\u00ae and the literature","volume":"76","author":"Sprute","year":"2021"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother","first-page":"765","article-title":"Characterization and outcome of invasive infections due to Paecilomyces variation: analysis of patients from the FungiScope\u00ae registry and literature reports","volume":"76","author":"Sprute","year":"2021"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Cornea","first-page":"357","article-title":"The successful medical treatment of a case of Paecilomyces lilacinus keratitis","volume":"29","author":"Wu","year":"2010"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Transpl Infect Dis","first-page":"149","article-title":"New azoles as first-line therapy for Paecilomyces lilacinus in transplant patients","volume":"10","author":"Garzoni","year":"2008"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/108\/4\/article-p693.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/108\/4\/article-p693.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/108\/4\/article-p693.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]],"date-time":"2023-04-05T13:49:00Z","timestamp":1680702540000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/108\/4\/article-p693.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.22-0608","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]]}}}