{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T19:14:16Z","timestamp":1789154056179,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The use of household insecticides in the formulation of mosquito coils and vaporizers is common among the public to protect against mosquito-borne diseases. However, information regarding the use of these commonly practiced household insecticides is scarce in Sri Lanka. A questionnaire-based survey was directed to 600 households in Colombo, Gampaha, Kandy, Kalutara, Jaffna, and Galle districts in Sri Lanka. Household insecticides were used by the majority of the respondents (57.0%), and electric liquid vaporizers (46.7%) and mosquito coils (45.7%) were the commonly used forms. The active ingredients in mosquito coils were d-trans-allethrin (w\/w 0.12%), metofluthrin (w\/w 0.005%), and dimefluthrin (w\/w 0.01%); in liquid vaporizers, they were prallethrin (w\/v 1.24% and w\/v 1.26%) and transfluthrin (w\/v 0.9%). The majority of the household insecticide consumers were moderately satisfied with the effectiveness of the products (68.6%), and most of the participants used household insecticides daily (35.5%), especially during the evening (41.6%). Most of the consumers were unaware of the chemicals included in household insecticides (62.8%). Mosquito coils were abundantly used by rural area participants (75.8%), whereas liquid vaporizers were the most common among the urban participants (56.4%). The findings indicate that demographic and socioeconomic factors influence household insecticide practices. To our knowledge, this study reveals the use of household insecticides to control mosquitoes for the first time in Sri Lanka and highlights the importance of awareness programs and the proper utilization of these products.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.22-0639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T01:59:28Z","timestamp":1706061568000},"page":"549-556","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Use of Household Insecticides against Mosquitoes in Dengue-Endemic Areas in Sri Lanka"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"M. Nowmaan S.","family":"S\u0101nu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biotechnology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sachini D.","family":"Fernando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biotechnology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. G. D. Nissanka K.","family":"De Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biotechnology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka;"},{"name":"Genetics and Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka;"},{"name":"Sri Lanka Institute of Biotechnology, Pitipana, Homagama, Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Acta Trop","first-page":"155","article-title":"The emergence of arthropod-borne viral diseases: a global perspective on dengue, chikungunya and zika fevers","volume":"166","author":"Mayer","year":"2017"},{"key":"b2","year":"2020"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"453","article-title":"Dengue","volume":"385","author":"Guzman","year":"2015"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e2259","article-title":"Estimates of dengue force of infection in children in Colombo, Sri Lanka","volume":"7","author":"Tam","year":"2013"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"J Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"192","article-title":"Severe dengue epidemics in Sri Lanka, 2003\u20132006","volume":"15","author":"Kanakaratne","year":"2009"},{"key":"b6","year":"2022"},{"key":"b7","year":"2017"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"J Econ Entomol","first-page":"2247","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of commercial mosquito coils against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Malaysia: a nationwide report","volume":"110","author":"Chin","year":"2017"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"208","article-title":"A household randomized, controlled trial of the efficacy of 0.03% transfluthrin coils alone and in combination with long-lasting insecticidal nets on the incidence of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in Western Yunnan Province, China","volume":"13","author":"Hill","year":"2014"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Environ Toxicol","first-page":"1754","article-title":"Oxidative stress and genetic damage among workers exposed primarily to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides","volume":"32","author":"Zepeda-Arce","year":"2017"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health","first-page":"1226","article-title":"Efficacy of commercial household insecticide aerosol sprays against Aedes aegypti (LINN.) under simulated field conditions","volume":"40","author":"Khadri","year":"2009"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Indian J Public Health Res Dev","first-page":"439","article-title":"Effectiveness of household insecticides to reduce Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infestation: a community survey in Yogyakarta, Indonesia","volume":"9","author":"Widiastuti","year":"2018"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"89","article-title":"Longitudinal studies of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand and Puerto Rico: blood feeding frequency","volume":"37","author":"Scott","year":"2000"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"J Vector Borne Dis","first-page":"189","article-title":"Predictors of knowledge about malaria in India","volume":"44","author":"Sharma","year":"2007"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Parasit Vectors","first-page":"478","article-title":"Comprehensive evaluation of demographic, socioeconomic and other associated risk factors affecting the occurrence of dengue incidence among Colombo and Kandy districts of Sri Lanka: a cross-sectional study","volume":"11","author":"Udayanga","year":"2018"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Pathog Glob Health","first-page":"479","article-title":"Community mobilization and household level waste management for dengue vector control in Gampaha district of Sri Lanka; 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