{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T22:47:49Z","timestamp":1780094869630,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Histidine-rich protein 2\u2013 (HRP2-) based rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are widely used to detect <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> in sub-Saharan Africa. Reports of parasites with <jats:italic>pfhrp2<\/jats:italic> and\/or <jats:italic>pfhrp3<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>pfhrp2\/3)<\/jats:italic> gene deletions in Africa raise concerns about the long-term viability of HRP2-based RDTs. We evaluated changes in <jats:italic>pfhrp2\/3<\/jats:italic> deletion prevalence over time using a 2018\u20132021 longitudinal study of 1,635 enrolled individuals in Kinshasa Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Samples collected during biannual household visits with \u2265 100 parasites\/\u00b5L by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were genotyped using a multiplex real-time PCR assay. Among 2,726 <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> PCR-positive samples collected from 993 participants during the study period, 1,267 (46.5%) were genotyped. No <jats:italic>pfhrp2\/3<\/jats:italic> deletions or mixed <jats:italic>pfhrp2\/3<\/jats:italic>-intact and -deleted infections were identified in our study. <jats:italic>Pfhrp2\/3<\/jats:italic>-deleted parasites were not detected in Kinshasa Province; ongoing use of HRP2-based RDTs is appropriate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.22-0715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T13:43:10Z","timestamp":1687268590000},"page":"273-276","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Plasmodium falciparum with pfhrp2\/3 Deletion Not Detected in a 2018\u20132021 Malaria Longitudinal Cohort Study in Kinshasa Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Ruthly","family":"Fran\u00e7ois","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melchior Mwandagalirwa","family":"Kashamuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Banek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Bala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marthe","family":"Nkalani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georges","family":"Kihuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Atibu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georges E.","family":"Mahilu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyaw L.","family":"Thwai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashenafi","family":"Assefa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhoel R.","family":"Dinglasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan J.","family":"Juliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoinette Kitoto","family":"Tshefu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan B.","family":"Parr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Angew Chem Int Ed","first-page":"951","article-title":"World malaria report 2021","volume":"6","year":"2021"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"29","article-title":"Ten years of universal testing: how the rapid diagnostic test 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