{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]],"date-time":"2024-06-06T00:27:57Z","timestamp":1717633677725},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The Walter Reed Project is a collaboration between the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research of the United States Department of Defense and the Kenya Medical Research Institute. The Kisumu field station, comprising four campuses, has until recently been devoted primarily to research on malaria countermeasures. The Kombewa Clinical Research Center is dedicated to conducting regulated clinical trials of therapeutic and vaccine candidates in development. The center\u2019s robust population-based surveillance platform, along with an active community engagement strategy, guarantees consistent recruitment and retention of participants in clinical trials. The Malaria Diagnostic Center, backed by WHO-certified microscopists and a large malaria blood film collection, champions high-quality malaria diagnosis and strict quality assurance through standardized microscopy trainings. The Malaria Drug Resistance Laboratory leverages cutting-edge technology such as real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) to conduct comprehensive research on resistance markers and obtain information on drug efficacy. The laboratory has been working on validating artemisinin resistance markers and improving tracking methods for current and future antimalarial compounds. Finally, the Basic Science Laboratory employs advanced genomic technology to examine endpoints such as immunogenicity and genomic fingerprinting for candidate drugs and vaccine efficacy. Herein, we examine the site\u2019s significant contributions to malaria policy, management, and prevention practices in Kenya and around the world.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.23-0115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T14:43:14Z","timestamp":1713883394000},"page":"1069-1079","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Walter Reed Project, Kisumu Field Station: Impact of Research on Malaria Policy, Management, and Prevention"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Peter M.","family":"Sifuna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya;"},{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate\u2014Africa, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Mbinji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya;"},{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate\u2014Africa, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tina O.","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya;"},{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate\u2014Africa, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Onyango","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya;"},{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate\u2014Africa, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hoseah M.","family":"Akala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya;"},{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate\u2014Africa, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John N.","family":"Waitumbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya;"},{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate\u2014Africa, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernhards R.","family":"Ogutu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya;"},{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate\u2014Africa, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jack N.","family":"Hutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate\u2014Africa, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Otieno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya;"},{"name":"U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate\u2014Africa, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Perspectives on the Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System: A Program Review","year":"2001"},{"key":"b2","year":"2023"},{"key":"b3","year":"2023"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Int J Epidemiol","first-page":"1097","article-title":"Health and demographic surveillance system profile: The Kombewa health and demographic surveillance system (Kombewa HDSS)","volume":"43","author":"Sifuna","year":"2014"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"SSRN Electron J","first-page":"369","article-title":"Malaria, mental disorders and immunity; and their inter-relationships\u2014A cross sectional study in a health and demographic surveillance site in Kenya","volume":"39","author":"Jenkins","year":"2020"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"1134","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of RTS,S\/AS01 malaria vaccine in infants and children with WHO stage 1 or 2 HIV disease: A randomised, double-blind, controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Otieno","year":"2016"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1863","article-title":"First results of phase 3 trial of rts,s\/as01 malaria vaccine in African children","volume":"365","year":"2011"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e6465","article-title":"Evaluation of RTS,S\/AS02A and RTS,S\/AS01B in adults in a high malaria transmission area","volume":"4","author":"Polhemus","year":"2009"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e4708","article-title":"Blood stage malaria vaccine eliciting high antigen-specific antibody concentrations confers no protection to young children in Western Kenya","volume":"4","author":"Ogutu","year":"2009"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"29","article-title":"Results from tandem Phase 1 studies evaluating the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the vaccine candidate antigen Plasmodium falciparum FVO merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP142) administered intramuscularly with adjuvant system AS01","volume":"12","author":"Otsyula","year":"2013"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"281","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic evaluation of intravenous artesunate in adults with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Kenya: A phase II study","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2014"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"S7","article-title":"Dispersible formulation of artemether\/lumefantrine: Specifically developed for infants and young children","volume":"8","author":"Abdulla","year":"2009"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Malar. J","first-page":"1","article-title":"Summary of anti-malarial prophylactic efficacy of tafenoquine from three placebo-controlled studies of residents of malaria-endemic countries","volume":"14","author":"Dow","year":"2015"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"108","article-title":"Comparison of azithromycin plus chloroquine versus artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children in Africa: A randomized, open-label study","volume":"14","author":"Chandra","year":"2015"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"1409","article-title":"Ferroquine and artesunate in African adults and children with Plasmodium falciparum malaria: A phase 2, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, dose-ranging, non-inferiority study","volume":"15","author":"Held","year":"2015"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Lancet Microbe","first-page":"e141","article-title":"Plasmodium interspecies interactions during a period of increasing prevalence of Plasmodium ovale in symptomatic individuals seeking treatment: An observational study","volume":"2","author":"Akala","year":"2021"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"217","article-title":"Genetic diversity and drug resistance surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum for malaria elimination: Is there an ideal tool for resource-limited sub-Saharan Africa?","volume":"18","author":"Apinjoh","year":"2019"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0162524","article-title":"Genetically determined response to artemisinin treatment inwestern kenyan Plasmodium falciparum parasites","volume":"11","author":"Chebon","year":"2016"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"BMC Med","first-page":"448","article-title":"Impact of parasite genomic dynamics on the sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum isolates to piperaquine and other antimalarial drugs","volume":"20","author":"Wakoli","year":"2022"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"398","article-title":"Selective sweeps and genetic lineages of Plasmodium falciparum multi-drug resistance (pfmdr1) gene in Kenya","volume":"17","author":"Muiruri","year":"2018"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother","first-page":"2417","article-title":"Assessment of the worldwide antimalarial resistance network standardized procedure for in\u00a0vitro malaria drug sensitivity testing using SYBR green assay for field samples with various initial parasitemia levels","volume":"60","author":"Cheruiyot","year":"2016"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"Front Med","first-page":"991807","article-title":"Age-dependent antibody profiles to Plasmodium antigens are differentially associated with two artemisinin combination therapy outcomes in high transmission setting","volume":"9","author":"Andagalu","year":"2022"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"1360","article-title":"Polymorphisms in the K13 gene in Plasmodium falciparum from different malaria transmission areas of Kenya","volume":"98","author":"de Laurent","year":"2018"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0143565","article-title":"The genotypic and phenotypic stability of Plasmodium falciparum field isolates in continuous in\u00a0vitro culture","volume":"11","author":"Yeda","year":"2016"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"168","article-title":"The role of complement immune response on artemisinin-based combination therapy in a population from malaria endemic region of Western Kenya","volume":"19","author":"Wanjala","year":"2020"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0186364","article-title":"Target-similarity search using Plasmodium falciparum proteome identifies approved drugs with anti-malarial activity and their possible targets","volume":"12","author":"Mogire","year":"2017"},{"key":"b27","series-title":"Pharmaceutics","first-page":"1371","article-title":"The multistage antimalarial compound calxinin perturbates P. falciparum Ca2+ homeostasis by targeting a unique ion channel","volume":"14","author":"Gupta","year":"2022"},{"key":"b28","series-title":"Curr Top Med Chem","first-page":"2022","article-title":"Antimalarials: Review of plasmepsins as drug targets and hiv protease inhibitors interactions","volume":"18","author":"Miller","year":"2018"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"79","article-title":"Establishing a malaria diagnostics centre of excellence in Kisumu, Kenya","volume":"6","author":"Ohrt","year":"2007"},{"key":"b30","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"324","article-title":"Towards harmonization of microscopy methods for malaria clinical research studies","volume":"19","author":"Dhorda","year":"2020"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"Parasitol Res","first-page":"500","article-title":"Systematic comparison of two methods to measure parasite density from malaria blood smears","volume":"99","author":"Prudhomme O\u2019Meara","year":"2006"},{"key":"b32","series-title":"Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica","first-page":"302","article-title":"Systematic review of the diagnostic accuracy of thick smear compared to polymerase chain reaction for pregnancy-associated malaria, 2010\u20132022","volume":"39","author":"G\u00f3mez-Hoyos","year":"2022"},{"key":"b33","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0201769","article-title":"Performance of a highly sensitive rapid diagnostic test (HS-RDT) for detecting malaria in peripheral and placental blood samples from pregnant women in Colombia","volume":"13","author":"V\u00e1squez","year":"2018"},{"key":"b34","author":"Fallis","year":"2013"},{"key":"b35","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"221","article-title":"Evaluation of a laboratory quality assurance pilot programme for malaria diagnostics in low-transmission areas of Kenya, 2013","volume":"16","author":"Wanja","year":"2017"},{"key":"b36","series-title":"PLoS Clin Trials","first-page":"e32","article-title":"Safety and reactogenicity of an MSP-1 malaria vaccine candidate: A randomized phase Ib dose-escalation trial in Kenyan children","volume":"1","author":"Withers","year":"2006"},{"key":"b37","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e7849","article-title":"Impact of RTS,S\/AS02A and RTS,S\/AS01B on genotypes of P. falciparum in adults participating in a malaria vaccine clinical trial","volume":"4","author":"Waitumbi","year":"2009"},{"key":"b38","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0203455","article-title":"Females of HbAS genotype have reduced concentration of the malaria protective deoxyhemoglobin S than males","volume":"13","author":"Waitumbi","year":"2018"},{"key":"b39","series-title":"Eur J Haematol","first-page":"177","article-title":"Hb G-Philadelphia or Stanleyville II? When the phenotype and genotype do not agree","volume":"79","author":"Waitumbi","year":"2007"},{"key":"b40","series-title":"Hemoglobin","first-page":"401","article-title":"Hb Kenya among luo adults and young children in malaria holoendemic Western Kenya: Screened by high performance liquid chromatography and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction","volume":"31","author":"Kifude","year":"2007"},{"key":"b41","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"1","article-title":"Frequency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in malaria patients from six African countries enrolled in two randomized anti-malarial clinical trials","volume":"10","author":"Carter","year":"2011"},{"key":"b42","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"1356","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of the BioFire Global Fever Panel for the identification of malaria, leptospirosis, chikungunya, and dengue from whole blood: A prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study","volume":"22","author":"Manabe","year":"2022"},{"key":"b43","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"S3","article-title":"Coartem: The journey to the clinic","volume":"8","author":"Premji","year":"2009"},{"key":"b44","year":"2021"},{"key":"b45","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"31","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of RTS,S\/AS01 malaria vaccine with or without a booster dose in infants and children in Africa: Final results of a phase 3, individually randomised, controlled trial","volume":"386","year":"2015"},{"key":"b46","series-title":"Pharm J","article-title":"First malaria vaccine receives positive scientific opinion from EMA","volume":"295","year":"2015"},{"key":"b47","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"1634","article-title":"WHO recommends malaria vaccine for children","volume":"21","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2021"},{"key":"b48","year":"2023"},{"key":"b49","series-title":"World Malaria Report 2022","year":"2022"},{"key":"b50","series-title":"Lancet Microbe","first-page":"e184","article-title":"Mapping genetic markers of artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Asia: A systematic review and spatiotemporal analysis","volume":"3","author":"Kagoro","year":"2022"},{"key":"b51","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1902","article-title":"Plasmodium falciparum kelch 13 mutations, 9 countries in Africa, 2014\u20132018","volume":"27","author":"Schmedes","year":"2021"},{"key":"b52","series-title":"Nat Med","first-page":"1602","article-title":"Emergence and clonal expansion of in\u00a0vitro artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 R561H mutant parasites in Rwanda","volume":"26","author":"Uwimana","year":"2020"},{"key":"b53","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"294","article-title":"Increase in kelch 13 polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum, southern Rwanda","volume":"27","author":"Bergmann","year":"2021"},{"key":"b54","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"1120","article-title":"Association of Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 R561H genotypes with delayed parasite clearance in Rwanda: An open-label, single-arm, multicentre, therapeutic efficacy study","volume":"21","author":"Uwimana","year":"2021"},{"key":"b55","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"722","article-title":"Evolution of partial resistance to artemisinins in malaria parasites in Uganda","volume":"389","author":"Conrad","year":"2023"},{"key":"b56","series-title":"Country Wide Surveillance Reveals Prevalent artemisinin Partial Resistance Mutations with Evidence for Multiple Origins and Expansion of High Level Sulfadoxine Pyrimethamine Resistance Mutations in Northwest Tanzania","author":"Juliano","year":"2023"},{"key":"b57","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1385","article-title":"Evidence of artemisinin-resistant malaria in Africa","volume":"4","author":"Stokes","year":"2022"},{"key":"b58","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1163","article-title":"Evidence of artemisinin-resistant malaria in Africa","volume":"385","author":"Balikagala","year":"2021"},{"key":"b59","series-title":"Nat Microbiol","first-page":"1911","article-title":"Plasmodium falciparum resistant to artemisinin and diagnostics have emerged in Ethiopia","volume":"8","author":"Fola","year":"2023"},{"key":"b60","series-title":"The Spread of a Validated Molecular Marker of Artemisinin Partial Resistance pfkelch13 R622I and Association with pfhrp2\/3 Deletions in Eritrea","author":"Mihreteab","year":"2023"},{"key":"b61","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"87","article-title":"Novel Plasmodium falciparum k13 gene polymorphisms from Kisii County, Kenya during an era of artemisinin-based combination therapy deployment","volume":"22","author":"Maniga","year":"2023"},{"key":"b62","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"338","article-title":"Increased prevalence of the pfdhfr\/phdhps quintuple mutant and rapid emergence of pfdhps resistance mutations at codons 581 and 613 in Kisumu, Kenya","volume":"9","author":"Spalding","year":"2010"},{"key":"b63","series-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother","first-page":"3598","article-title":"Drug susceptibility and genetic evaluation of Plasmodium falciparum isolates obtained in four distinct geographical regions of Kenya","volume":"48","author":"Mbaisi","year":"2004"},{"key":"b64","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"250","article-title":"Trends in drug resistance codons in Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase genes in Kenyan parasites from 2008 to 2012","volume":"13","author":"Juma","year":"2014"},{"key":"b65","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e0007223","article-title":"The prevalence and antifolate drug resistance profiles of Plasmodium falciparum in study participants randomized to discontinue or continue cotrimoxazole prophylaxis","volume":"13","author":"Juma","year":"2018"},{"key":"b66","series-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother","first-page":"3737","article-title":"Polymorphisms in Pfmdr1, Pfcrt, and Pfnhe1 genes are associated with reduced in\u00a0vitro activities of quinine in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from western Kenya","volume":"58","author":"Cheruiyot","year":"2014"},{"key":"b67","series-title":"Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist","first-page":"92","article-title":"Temporal trends in prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum molecular markers selected for by artemether-lumefantrine treatment in pre-ACT and post-ACT parasites in western Kenya","volume":"5","author":"Achieng","year":"2015"},{"key":"b68","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e64299","article-title":"The role of Pfmdr1 and Pfcrt in changing chloroquine, amodiaquine, mefloquine and lumefantrine susceptibility in western-Kenya P. falciparum samples during 2008\u20132011","volume":"8","author":"Eyase","year":"2013"},{"key":"b69","series-title":"Int J Med Pharm Case Reports","first-page":"5","article-title":"Case report of attenuated-responsiveness to Coartem\u00ae in western Kenya","volume":"2","author":"Kamau","year":"2015"},{"key":"b70","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"113","article-title":"Misclassification of Plasmodium infections by conventional microscopy and the impact of remedial training on the proficiency of laboratory technicians in species identification","volume":"12","author":"Obare","year":"2013"},{"key":"b71","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"371","article-title":"Factors associated with malaria microscopy diagnostic performance following a pilot quality-assurance programme in health facilities in malaria low-transmission areas of Kenya, 2014","volume":"16","author":"Odhiambo","year":"2017"},{"key":"b72","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"2284","article-title":"A phase 3 trial of RTS,S\/AS01 malaria vaccine in African infants","volume":"367","year":"2012"},{"key":"b73","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"1450","article-title":"Immunogenicity of the RTS,S\/AS01 malaria vaccine and implications for duration of vaccine efficacy: Secondary analysis of data from a phase 3 randomised controlled trial","volume":"15","author":"White","year":"2015"},{"key":"b74","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"158","article-title":"Sample-ready multiplex qPCR assay for detection of malaria","volume":"13","author":"Kamau","year":"2014"},{"key":"b75","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"22","article-title":"Pilot assessment of the sensitivity of the malaria thin film","volume":"7","author":"Ohrt","year":"2008"},{"key":"b76","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"10","article-title":"Stabilization of RDT target antigens present in dried Plasmodium falciparum-infected samples for validating malaria rapid diagnostic tests at the point of care","volume":"17","author":"Morang\u2019A","year":"2018"},{"key":"b77","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"122","article-title":"Field evaluation of the diagnostic performance of EasyScan GO: A digital malaria microscopy device based on machine-learning","volume":"21","author":"Das","year":"2022"},{"key":"b78","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"110","article-title":"Performance of a fully\u2010automated system on a WHO malaria microscopy evaluation slide set","volume":"20","author":"Horning","year":"2021"},{"key":"b79","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"456","article-title":"Field evaluation of diagnostic performance of malaria rapid diagnostic tests in western Kenya","volume":"15","author":"Wanja","year":"2016"},{"key":"b80","series-title":"J Infect Dis","first-page":"522","article-title":"Loss of red blood cell-complement regulatory proteins and increased levels of circulating immune complexes are associated with severe malarial anemia","volume":"187","author":"Stoute","year":"2003"},{"key":"b81","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e105093","article-title":"Complement activation by merozoite antigens of Plasmodium falciparum.","volume":"9","author":"Korir","year":"2014"},{"key":"b82","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"S6","article-title":"Apoptosis stalks Plasmodium falciparum maintained in continuous culture condition","volume":"9","author":"Mutai","year":"2010"},{"key":"b83","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e56828","article-title":"Comparison of PfHRP-2\/pLDH ELISA, qPCR and microscopy for the detection of Plasmodium events and prediction of sick visits during a malaria vaccine study","volume":"8","author":"Bashir","year":"2013"},{"key":"b84","series-title":"Diseases","first-page":"15","article-title":"Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 and 3 gene deletions and their implications in malaria control","volume":"8","author":"Nyataya","year":"2020"},{"key":"b85","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"263","article-title":"Plasmodium falciparum population structure inferred by msp1 amplicon sequencing of parasites collected from febrile patients in Kenya","volume":"22","author":"Andika","year":"2023"},{"key":"b86","series-title":"PLOS Glob Public Health","first-page":"e0000122","article-title":"March 2019 dengue fever outbreak at the Kenyan south coast involving dengue virus serotype 3, genotypes III and V","volume":"2","author":"Muthanje","year":"2022"},{"key":"b87","series-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis","first-page":"348","article-title":"Serological evidence of yersiniosis, tick-borne encephalitis, West Nile, hepatitis E, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Lyme borreliosis, and brucellosis in febrile patients presenting at diverse hospitals in Kenya","volume":"20","author":"Nyataya","year":"2020"},{"key":"b88","series-title":"Genome Announc","first-page":"e00076-18","article-title":"Complete coding sequences of dengue virus type 2 strains from febrile patients seen in Malindi District Hospital, Kenya, during the 2017 dengue fever outbreak","volume":"6","author":"Gathii","year":"2018"},{"key":"b89","series-title":"J Nurs Scholarsh","first-page":"47","article-title":"Maximizing retention in community-based clinical trials","volume":"34","author":"Davis","year":"2002"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/110\/6\/article-p1069.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/110\/6\/article-p1069.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/110\/6\/article-p1069.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T12:57:52Z","timestamp":1717592272000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/110\/6\/article-p1069.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]]},"references-count":89,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.23-0115","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]]}}}