{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T05:53:36Z","timestamp":1767851616634,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Neonates are vulnerable to vector-borne diseases given the potential for mother-to-child congenital transmission. To determine factors associated with chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection among pregnant women in Grenada, West Indies, a retrospective cohort study enrolled women who were pregnant during the 2014 CHIKV epidemic. In all, 520\/688 women (75.5%) were CHIKV IgG positive. Low incomes, use of pit latrines, lack of home window screens, and subjective reporting of frequent mosquito bites were associated with increased risk of CHIKV infection in bivariate analyses. In the multivariate modified Poisson regression model, low income (adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 1.05 [95% CI: 1.01\u20131.10]) and frequent mosquito bites (aRR: 1.05 [95% CI: 1.01\u20131.10]) were linked to increased infection risk. In Grenada, markers of low socioeconomic status are associated with CHIKV infection among pregnant women. Given that Grenada will continue to face vector-borne outbreaks, interventions dedicated to improving living conditions of the most disadvantaged will help reduce the incidence of arboviral infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.23-0157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T15:13:30Z","timestamp":1685459610000},"page":"123-125","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Factors Associated with Chikungunya Infection among Pregnant Women in Grenada, West Indies"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Melanie","family":"Kiener","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikita","family":"Cudjoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, St. George\u2019s, Grenada;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, St. George\u2019s, Grenada;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Mapp-Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, St. George\u2019s, Grenada;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amna","family":"Tariq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Calum","family":"Macpherson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, St. George\u2019s, Grenada;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trevor","family":"No\u00ebl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, St. George\u2019s, Grenada;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"G\u00e9rardin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM CIC1410\/Plateforme de Recherche Clinique et Translationnelle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire R\u00e9union, Saint-Pierre, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randall","family":"Waechter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation, St. George\u2019s, Grenada;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. Desiree","family":"LaBeaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Microorganisms","first-page":"1167","article-title":"Epidemic alphaviruses: ecology, emergence and outbreaks","volume":"8","author":"Azar","year":"2020"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis","first-page":"ofx234","article-title":"The identification of risk factors for chronic chikungunya arthralgia in Grenada, West Indies: a cross-sectional cohort study","volume":"5","author":"Heath","year":"2018"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"301","article-title":"Chikungunya chronic disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"112","author":"Paix\u00e3o","year":"2018"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Arthritis 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