{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T21:08:36Z","timestamp":1694120916139},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a skin infection caused by various species of the <jats:italic>Leishmania <\/jats:italic>parasite and is spread by the bite of an infected female sandfly. In southern Israel, CL caused by <jats:italic>Leishmania major<\/jats:italic> is endemic. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is considered a self-limiting disease, characterized by progressive, long-lasting nodulo-ulcerative skin lesions, which usually resolve in several months to years, and leads to scarring, cosmetic disfigurement, and future stigmatization. Although CL is a common disease among children, reports of CL in children younger than 1 year are rare. We present a case of extensive facial CL in an infant whose initial lesions appeared only 25 days after birth. The patient was treated with intravenous liposomal amphotericin B. Two months later, marked improvement was seen, with complete resolution of the inflammation and atrophic scar formation. To our knowledge, this is the earliest age of CL published to date.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.23-0177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,24]],"date-time":"2023-07-24T16:21:57Z","timestamp":1690215717000},"page":"624-625","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Case Report: Extensive Facial Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in a Neonate"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Sapir","family":"Itzhaki Gabay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel;"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuliya","family":"Valdman-Grinshpoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel;"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Galina","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shalom","family":"Ben-Shimol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel;"},{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gidon","family":"Test","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Emergency Department, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Or","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Emergency Department, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Horev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel;"},{"name":"Pediatric Dermatology Service, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Int J Dermatol","first-page":"40","article-title":"Topical liposomal amphotericin B gel treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot study","volume":"62","author":"Horev","year":"2023"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)","first-page":"e15185","article-title":"Treating pediatric cutaneous Leishmania tropica with systemic liposomal amphotericin B: a retrospective, single-center study","volume":"35","author":"Noyman","year":"2022"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)","first-page":"e15706","article-title":"Treatment of pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis with liposomal amphotericin B","volume":"35","author":"Erat","year":"2022"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis","first-page":"e2020027","article-title":"The efficacy and safety of intralesional sodium stibogluconate for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in children under the age of two years","volume":"12","author":"Hussein","year":"2020"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"901","article-title":"Pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic region in India","volume":"91","author":"Agrawal","year":"2014"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"524","article-title":"Topical paromomycin with or without gentamicin for cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"368","author":"Ben Salah","year":"2013"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Pediatr Dermatol","first-page":"366","article-title":"Fractional ablative carbon dioxide laser followed by topical sodium stibogluconate application: a treatment option for pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"35","author":"Hilerowicz","year":"2018"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol","first-page":"1189","article-title":"Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with intralesional sodium stibogluconate","volume":"23","author":"Solomon","year":"2009"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Acta Dermatol Venereol","first-page":"adv00322","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis treated with miltefosine: a case series of 10 paediatric patients","volume":"100","author":"Ollech","year":"2020"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother","first-page":"e00631-18","article-title":"Local skin inflammation in cutaneous leishmaniasis as a source of variable pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B","volume":"62","author":"Wijnant","year":"2018"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Br J Dermatol","first-page":"203","article-title":"Successful liposomal amphotericin B treatment of Leishmania braziliensis cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"153","author":"Brown","year":"2005"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Int J Dermatol","first-page":"1109","article-title":"Comparison between cutaneous leishmaniasis patients with facial and non-facial lesions","volume":"60","author":"Yedidia Moser","year":"2021"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am","first-page":"101","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis: updates in diagnosis and management","volume":"33","author":"Aronson","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and 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