{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T20:21:08Z","timestamp":1791058868231,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Acanthamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. are rare etiological agents of meningoencephalitis with high mortality. We present three cases of\n                    <jats:italic>Acanthamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    meningoencephalitis in immunocompetent individuals from Eastern India. The first patient presented with fever and headache; the second with headache, visual disturbance, and squint; and the third presented in a drowsy state. The cases presented on March 3, 18, and 21, 2023 respectively. The first two patients had concomitant tubercular meningitis for which they received antitubercular therapy and steroid. Their cerebrospinal fluid showed slight lymphocytic pleocytosis and increased protein. The diagnosis was done by microscopy, culture, and polymerase chain reaction. They received a combination therapy comprising rifampicin, fluconazole, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The first patient additionally received miltefosine. She responded well to therapy and survived, but the other two patients died despite intensive care. Detection of three cases within a period of 1 month from Eastern India is unusual. It is imperative to sensitize healthcare providers about\n                    <jats:italic>Acanthamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    meningoencephalitis to facilitate timely diagnosis and treatment of the disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.23-0396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T11:36:20Z","timestamp":1704713780000},"page":"246-249","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Case Report: A Series of Three Meningoencephalitis Cases Caused by Acanthamoeba spp. from Eastern India"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Soumendra Nath","family":"Haldar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Advanced Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kokila","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drs. Tribedi and Roy Diagnostic Laboratory, Kolkata, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dolanchampa","family":"Modak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnibho","family":"Mondal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Advanced Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chayan","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teja","family":"Vasireddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Advanced Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rucha Kalyan","family":"Karad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Advanced Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hardik Bharatbhai","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Advanced Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debajyoti","family":"Majumdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boudhayan","family":"Bhattacharjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Advanced Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumeeta","family":"Khurana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tapashi","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subhasish Kamal","family":"Guha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bibhuti","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Advanced Microbiology, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"e59","article-title":"Acanthamoeba castellanii encephalitis in a patient with AIDS: a case report and literature review","volume":"22","author":"Damhorst","year":"2022"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"J Med Microbiol","first-page":"1051","article-title":"Acanthamoeba and the blood\u2013brain barrier: the breakthrough","volume":"57","author":"Khan","year":"2008"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"1903","article-title":"Use of subgenic 18S ribosomal DNA PCR and sequencing for genus and genotype identification of Acanthamoebae from humans with keratitis and from sewage sludge","volume":"39","author":"Schroeder","year":"2001"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis","first-page":"ofac682","article-title":"The epidemiology and clinical features of non-keratitis Acanthamoeba infections in the United States, 1956\u20132020","volume":"10","author":"Haston","year":"2023"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"303","article-title":"The management of encephalitis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"47","author":"Tunkel","year":"2008"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Front Neurol","first-page":"1100785","article-title":"Pathogenic free-living amoebic encephalitis from 48 cases in China: a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2023"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz","first-page":"e210373","article-title":"A history of over 40 years of potentially pathogenic free-living amoeba studies in Brazil \u2013 a systematic review","volume":"117","author":"Bellini","year":"2022"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Parasit Vectors","first-page":"6","article-title":"Biology and pathogenesis of Acanthamoeba","volume":"5","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/110\/2\/article-p246.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/110\/2\/article-p246.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/110\/2\/article-p246.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T08:51:28Z","timestamp":1744966288000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/110\/2\/article-p246.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.23-0396","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]}}}