{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T04:43:33Z","timestamp":1786769013553,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A two decades\u2013long epidemic of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in northern M\u00e9xico reached the U.S. border city of Tijuana in 2021. Cases were near the city periphery in marginalized areas, some lacking infrastructure such as streets or utilities. We worked in the three census areas where human cases were reported and in 12 additional control \u00c1reas Geoestadisticas B\u00e1sicas. There were dogs, the primary tick host and <jats:italic>Rickettsia rickettsii<\/jats:italic> reservoir, in 76% of homes, with 2.2 owned dogs per home on average, approximately equal numbers of roaming dogs were seen, and 46.2% of owned dogs were allowed to roam in the street. Sixty-eight percent of people had heard of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), and 35% self-reported tick infestation, including 19% of homes without dogs. Ticks appeared to move among houses of adjacent neighbors. Of 191 examined dogs, 61.8% were tick-infested, with 6-fold increased odds if they were allowed to roam. Although no dogs were <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> polymerase chain reaction\u2013positive, we found one <jats:italic>R. rickettsii\u2013<\/jats:italic> and 11 <jats:italic>Rickettsia massiliae\u2013<\/jats:italic>infected ticks. The rickettsial IgG seroprevalence by immunofluorescence antibody assay was 76.4%, associated with unhealthy body condition, adults, dogs with &gt;10 ticks, more dogs being seen in the area, and dogs being permitted in the street. Insufficient medical and canine management resources have contributed to a case fatality rate of RMSF that has exceeded 50% in areas. High canine seroprevalence suggests risks to people and dogs; unfortunately, herd immunity is impeded by high turnover in the canine population owing to the birth of puppies and high death rates. Binational One Health workers should monitor disease spread, enact canine population management and tick eradication, and provide prevention, diagnostic, and treatment support.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.23-0410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]],"date-time":"2024-02-20T22:04:29Z","timestamp":1708466669000},"page":"779-794","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Roaming Dogs, Intense Brown Dog Tick Infestation, and Emerging Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in Tijuana, M\u00e9xico"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Janet","family":"Foley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s M.","family":"L\u00f3pez-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California;"},{"name":"Red de Biolog\u00eda y Conservaci\u00f3n de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ecolog\u00eda, Xalapa, M\u00e9xico;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Rubino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Backus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cusi","family":"Ferradas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California;"},{"name":"Emerge, Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Enfermedades Emergentes y Cambio Clim\u00e1tico, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Per\u00fa;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Barr\u00f3n-Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ecolog\u00eda, Fauna Silvestre y Animales de Laboratorio, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ecolog\u00eda, Fauna Silvestre y Animales de Laboratorio, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico City, M\u00e9xico;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Arroyo-Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiolog\u00eda, Secretar\u00eda de Salud de Baja California, Mexicali, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie C.","family":"Inustroza-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiolog\u00eda, Secretar\u00eda de Salud de Baja California, Mexicali, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar E.","family":"Zazueta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiolog\u00eda, Secretar\u00eda de Salud de Baja California, Mexicali, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Revista Instituto Salud Enfermidades Tropicales","first-page":"189","article-title":"Una nueva rickettsiosis en M\u00e9xico. 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