{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:31:12Z","timestamp":1787236272975,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The epidemiology of corneal ulcers in Vietnam has not been well characterized. In this report, we reviewed retrospectively the microbiological data of patients with a clinical diagnosis of corneal ulcer at the microbiology laboratory of Vietnam National Eye Hospital from January 1, 2010 to March 31, 2023. We observed a seasonal pattern for fungal and microsporidial keratitis, with an annual peak in November, and an inverse relationship between fungal keratitis and inclement weather. The November peak coincided with one of the major harvesting seasons in Vietnam. We also observed increasing numbers of microsporidial and\n                    <jats:italic>Acanthamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    keratitis cases in recent years. Knowledge of these trends are helpful in guiding empirical treatment of corneal infections and preventing corneal blindness.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.23-0491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T14:32:14Z","timestamp":1696257134000},"page":"1397-1400","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Seasonal and Temporal Trends of Infectious Keratitis in Northern Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Binh","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi Hoang Viet","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vietnam National Eye Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cung Xuan","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vietnam National Eye Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuan","family":"Hoang Anh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vietnam National Eye Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Pham Ngoc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vietnam National Eye Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiep","family":"Nguyen Xuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vietnam National Eye Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Whitcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California;"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy D.","family":"Keenan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California;"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Lancet Glob Health","first-page":"e1221","article-title":"Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990\u20132020: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Flaxman","year":"2017"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol","first-page":"159","article-title":"Incidence of corneal ulceration in Madurai District, South India","volume":"3","author":"Gonzales","year":"1996"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Arch Ophthalmol","first-page":"1665","article-title":"Incidence of ulcerative keratitis in a defined population from 1950 through 1988","volume":"111","author":"Erie","year":"1993"},{"key":"b4"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol","first-page":"182","article-title":"Empirical assessment of alternative methods for identifying seasonality in observational healthcare data","volume":"22","author":"Molinaro","year":"2022"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"J Clin Exp Ophthalmol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Epidemiology of fungal keratitis in North Vietnam","volume":"3","author":"Pham","year":"2012"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Ophthalmology","first-page":"1943","article-title":"Spectrum of fungal keratitis in North China","volume":"113","author":"Xie","year":"2006"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Cornea","first-page":"1123","article-title":"Seasonal trends of microbial keratitis in South India","volume":"31","author":"Lin","year":"2012"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Cornea","first-page":"555","article-title":"The epidemiological features and laboratory results of fungal keratitis: a 10-year review at a referral eye care center in South India","volume":"21","author":"Gopinathan","year":"2002"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Int J Ophthalmol","first-page":"128","article-title":"Infectious keratitis in Vietnam: etiology, organisms, and management at Vietnam National Eye Hospital","volume":"15","author":"Dong","year":"2022"},{"key":"b11","year":"2023"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Foods","first-page":"2064","article-title":"Contamination of Fusarium proliferatum and Aspergillus flavus in the rice chain linked to crop seasons, cultivation regions, and traditional agricultural practices in Mekong Delta, Vietnam","volume":"10","author":"Phan","year":"2021"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Cornea","first-page":"33","article-title":"A longitudinal study of trends in keratitis in Australia","volume":"27","author":"Green","year":"2008"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Ophthalmology","first-page":"2348","article-title":"Emerging prevalence of microsporidial keratitis in Singapore: epidemiology, clinical features, and management","volume":"116","author":"Loh","year":"2009"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Br J Ophthalmol","first-page":"793","article-title":"Diagnosis, clinical features and treatment outcome of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"96","author":"Das","year":"2012"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"J Mil Pharmaco Med","first-page":"174","article-title":"Microsporidia: the pathogen of stromal keratitis was firstly discovered in Vietnam","author":"Dong","year":"2015"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"J Bacteriol Parasitol","first-page":"248","article-title":"Microsporidial keratitis","volume":"6","author":"Bhosale","year":"2015"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Indian J Pathol Microbiol","first-page":"565","article-title":"Characteristics of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in an eastern Indian cohort: a case series","volume":"54","author":"Sengupta","year":"2011"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/109\/6\/article-p1397.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/109\/6\/article-p1397.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/109\/6\/article-p1397.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T10:46:26Z","timestamp":1701859586000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/109\/6\/article-p1397.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.23-0491","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]]}}}