{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T03:22:19Z","timestamp":1789183339420,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We aimed to measure the association between\n                    <jats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in pregnancy and reduced fetal growth in the absence of\n                    <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    congenital transmission. We conducted a cross-sectional study of secondary data of all singleton live births between 2011 and 2013 in five hospitals from Argentina, Honduras, and Mexico. We excluded newborns with\n                    <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. Noninfected pregnant people were those without any positive rapid tests. The main study outcomes were birth weight, head circumference, and length for gestational age and sex. Logistic regression models were adjusted for country, age, education level, and obstetric history. Of the 26,544 deliveries, 459 (1.7%) pregnant people were found by rapid tests to be positive for\n                    <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Of these, 320 were positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and 231 had a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. Uninfected newborns from\n                    <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    -infected pregnant people were more likely to have birth weights below the 5th and 10th percentiles and head circumferences below the 3rd and 10th percentiles. Among\n                    <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    -infected pregnant people diagnosed by PCR, the odds ratios were 1.58 for birth weight below the 10th percentile (95% CI, 1.12\u20132.23) and 1.57 for birth weight below the 5th percentile (95% CI, 1.02\u20132.42). Higher\n                    <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    parasitic loads in pregnancy had a stronger association with reduced fetal growth (both in birth weight and head circumference), with an odds ratio of 2.31 (95% CI, 1.36\u20133.91) for a birth weight below the 5th percentile. The association shows, irrespective of causality, that newborns of pregnancies with\n                    <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    have an increased risk of reduced fetal growth. We recommend further studies to assess other potential confounders and the causality of these associations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.23-0493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T11:46:23Z","timestamp":1717501583000},"page":"64-72","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Pregnancies without Congenital Transmission Is Associated with Reduced Fetal Growth: A Cross-Sectional Study in Argentina, Honduras, and Mexico"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Angel","family":"Paternina-Caicedo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jackeline","family":"Alger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Laboratorio Cl\u00ednico, Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa, Honduras;"},{"name":"Instituto de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitolog\u00eda Antonio Vidal, Tegucigalpa, Honduras;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Cafferata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Efectividad Cl\u00ednica y Sanitaria (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina;"},{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica y Epidemiol\u00f3gica Montevideo (UNICEM), Montevideo, Uruguay;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"Carlier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Parasitologie and European Plotkin Institute for Vaccinology, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium;"},{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Dumonteil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luz","family":"Gibbons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Efectividad Cl\u00ednica y Sanitaria (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Hammerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Buekens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec","first-page":"33","article-title":"Chagas disease in Latin America: An epidemiological update based on 2010 estimates","volume":"90","year":"2015"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Glob Heart","first-page":"59","article-title":"Global, regional, and national trends of Chagas disease from 1990 to 2019: Comprehensive analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study","volume":"17","author":"Gomez-Ochoa","year":"2022"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Trop Med Int Health","first-page":"943","article-title":"Prevalence of Chagas disease in pregnant women and congenital transmission of Trypanosoma 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