{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T04:13:14Z","timestamp":1743653594073,"version":"3.40.3"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743552000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To assess the prevalence of several parasitic infections in Kiribati, dried blood spots collected during trachoma prevalence surveys in the two major population centers in 2015, 2016, and 2019 were tested using multiplex bead-based serologic assays to detect IgG antibodies against four pathogens of public health interest: <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>), <jats:italic>Taenia solium<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>T. solium<\/jats:italic>), <jats:italic>Strongyloides stercoralis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>), and <jats:italic>Toxocara canis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>T. canis<\/jats:italic>). In Kiritimati Island, the seroprevalences of <jats:italic>T. solium<\/jats:italic> recombinant antigen for detection of cysticercosis antibodies (T24H) and recombinant antigen for detection of taeniasis antibodies (ES33) were \u22644% in both surveys, whereas in Tarawa, the T24H seroprevalence was 2% (2016) and 7% (2019) and the ES33 seroprevalence was \u22643% in both surveys. At both sites, the seropositivity of <jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic> recombinant antigen for detection of <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic> was 0\u20134%, and for <jats:italic>T. canis<\/jats:italic>, the C-type lectin-1 antigen was 0\u20131% in all surveys. For <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>, the surface antigen glycoprotein 2A antigen seroprevalences on Kiritimati Island were 41% (2015) and 36% (2019), and in Tarawa, they were 36% (2016) and 22% (2019), suggesting that <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> infections are common in Kiribati, whereas the other pathogens are not.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.23-0565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T16:23:50Z","timestamp":1739291030000},"page":"828-831","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Testing for Antibodies to Four Parasites in Residual Blood Specimens from Trachoma Surveys in Kiribati, 2015\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"AdeSubomi O.","family":"Adeyemo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"},{"name":"Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raebwebwe","family":"Taoaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Medical Services, South Tarawa, Kiribati;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. Brook","family":"Goodhew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Butcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caleb","family":"Mpyet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sightsavers, Nigeria Country Office, Kaduna, Nigeria;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Harding-Esch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anasaini","family":"Cama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Fred Hollows Foundation, Melbourne, Australia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah Anne J.","family":"Guagliardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Gwyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony W.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Neglected Tropical Diseases Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kabiri Tuneti","family":"Itaaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Medical Services, South Tarawa, Kiribati;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Bakhtiari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Jimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sightsavers, Haywards Heath, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rabebe","family":"Tekeraoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Medical Services, South Tarawa, Kiribati;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"J Infect","first-page":"454","article-title":"Ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection, anti-Pgp3 antibodies and conjunctival scarring in Vanuatu and Tarawa, Kiribati before antibiotic treatment for trachoma","volume":"80","author":"Butcher","year":"2020"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop 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