{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T13:40:01Z","timestamp":1749044401431,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Laboratory-established sand fly colonies provide important material for leishmaniasis research; however, the establishment and maintenance of such colonies can be complicated. In this study, a colony of <jats:italic>Phlebotomus argentipes<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P. argentipes<\/jats:italic>) was established using wild-caught sand flies in Bangladesh by following standard procedures described in the published literature. The colony was initiated in a controlled laboratory environment. A total of 430 female <jats:italic>P. argentipes<\/jats:italic> sand flies were collected to develop the colony. Over multiple generations (F0 to F6), 1,034 <jats:italic>P. argentipes<\/jats:italic> sand flies laid eggs. The number of eggs that successfully emerged differed significantly between the wild-caught generation and other generations, except for the F1 and F6 generations. A significant difference was observed in the incubation period between wild-caught (F0) and laboratory-reared sand flies (F1 to F6). The mean mortality rate was highest in the first instar (13.9) and lowest in the pupae stage (1.9%). The development from pupae to adult sand flies was 98% successful. It was observed that the copulation was much more frequent after the females had taken a blood meal. This is the first successful attempt to colonize sand flies from Bangladesh in laboratory settings. The study\u2019s findings will contribute to a better understanding of the role of <jats:italic>P. argentipes<\/jats:italic> as a vector of <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> parasites in Bangladesh, as well as in the region. The colony can also be used for xenodiagnoses, insecticide resistance monitoring, and other experimental infections to generate the necessary evidence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.23-0683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T14:07:11Z","timestamp":1743516431000},"page":"1201-1206","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Lifecycle of Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera: Psychodidae) Sand Fly in a Newly Developed Colony in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Debashis","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soumik Kha","family":"Sagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Collaborating Centre for Leishmaniasis, Laboratory of Medical Entomology, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdul","family":"Alim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajib","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh;"},{"name":"National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Dhaka, Bangladesh;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Shafiul","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Alvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Mondal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Pathog Glob Health","first-page":"87","article-title":"Implication of vector characteristics of Phlebotomus argentipes in the kala-azar elimination programme in the Indian sub-continent","volume":"110","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2016"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"PLOS Pathog","first-page":"e1006571","article-title":"Combining epidemiology with basic biology of sand flies, parasites, and hosts to inform leishmaniasis transmission dynamics and control","volume":"13","author":"Courtenay","year":"2017"},{"year":"2023","key":"b3","article-title":"Leishmaniasis."},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am","first-page":"79","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis: Recent advances in diagnostics and treatment regimens","volume":"33","author":"van Griensven","year":"2019"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e35671","article-title":"Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence","volume":"7","author":"Alvar","year":"2012"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Bull World Health Organ","first-page":"43","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis and its control in Bangladesh","volume":"67","author":"Elias","year":"1989"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e3020","article-title":"How far are we from visceral leishmaniasis elimination in Bangladesh? 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