{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T04:42:08Z","timestamp":1790138528732,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Antibiotic use in animals has been identified as a major contributing factor for antibiotic resistance. Given the limited access to veterinary services, the choice of antibiotic and the dosage are determined by the farmers. By analyzing prescription practices and their appropriateness, we can compare performance in antibiotic stewardship across regions to drive change toward national goals and to guide policy interventions. This study used an integrated approach to assess antibiotic use at the grassroots in a rural poultry-keeping community in Wakiso District, Uganda. Medical prescriptions of 347 outpatients were captured between September 2021 and November 2021 via systematic random sampling of patients attending a local health center and were reviewed to decode antibiotic use characteristics and patterns. In the same period, structured questionnaires were issued to 36 poultry farmers in the same area to obtain information on their antibiotic use practices. Of the 347 human outpatient prescriptions reviewed, 250 (72%) recommended at least one antibiotic at a mean of 1.7 antibiotics per prescription. Conversely, all the poultry farms reported antibiotic use. There was significantly more use of macrolides and tetracyclines on poultry farms than at the local health centers and more use of penicillins, nitroimidazoles, and cephalosporins in humans than in poultry. There is unregulated use of critically important antibiotics in poultry and a misuse of antibiotics in the health center due to the lack of adequate diagnostic services. There is a need to improve point-of-care diagnostics of both human and poultry diseases in this community to guide antibiotic use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.24-0227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T13:21:04Z","timestamp":1725369664000},"page":"1138-1141","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Antibiotic Use Characteristics and Patterns in Humans and Poultry in Wakiso District, Uganda"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Wagaba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Makerere University College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Biotechnical and Diagnostic Sciences, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Waiswa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Makerere University College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Biotechnical and Diagnostic Sciences, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John Bosco","family":"Kalule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Makerere University College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Biotechnical and Diagnostic Sciences, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","author":"Pires","year":"2018"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Vet Res","first-page":"201","article-title":"Use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine and mechanisms of resistance","volume":"32","author":"Schwarz","year":"2001"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Int J Mol Sci","first-page":"1914","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in veterinary medicine: An overview","volume":"21","author":"Palma","year":"2020"},{"key":"b4","author":"Bashahungm","year":"2015"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Pak J Pharm Sci","first-page":"1691","article-title":"Detection of antibiotic residues in poultry meat","volume":"29","author":"Sajid","year":"2016"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Antimicrobial Resistance in Uganda","year":"2015"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Antimicrobials in Agriculture and the Environment: Reducing Unnecessary Use and Waste","author":"O\u2019Neill","year":"2015"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Ups J Med Sci","first-page":"96","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance\u2013Consequences for animal health, welfare, and food production","volume":"119","author":"Bengtsson","year":"2014"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control","first-page":"181","article-title":"Antimicrobial use in food animals and human health: Time to implement \u2018One Health\u2019 approach","volume":"9","author":"Pokharel","year":"2020"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control","first-page":"67","article-title":"Practices and challenges related to antibiotic use in paediatric treatment in hospitals and health centres in Niger and Uganda: A mixed methods study","volume":"12","author":"Mambula","year":"2023"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Patient Prefer Adherence","first-page":"2247","article-title":"Behavioural response to self-medication practice before and during COVID-19 pandemic in western Uganda","volume":"16","author":"Dare","year":"2022"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect","first-page":"345","article-title":"Non-biomedical factors affecting antibiotic use in the community: A mixed-methods systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Sun","year":"2022"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Trop Anim Health Prod","first-page":"245","article-title":"Performance evaluation of Kuroiler and Sasso chicken breeds reared under farmer management conditions in highland and lowland areas of Mvomero District, Eastern Tanzania","volume":"53","author":"Guni","year":"2021"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)","first-page":"199","article-title":"Point prevalence survey of antibiotic use across 13 hospitals in Uganda","volume":"11","author":"Kiggundu","year":"2022"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)","first-page":"172","article-title":"An evaluation of antibiotic prescribing practices in a rural refugee settlement district in Uganda","volume":"10","author":"Bonniface","year":"2021"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"J Pharm Policy Pract","first-page":"69","article-title":"Access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda: A qualitative study","volume":"14","author":"Musoke","year":"2021"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"JAC Antimicrob Resist","first-page":"dlaa082","article-title":"Use of antibiotics to treat humans and animals in Uganda: A cross-sectional survey of households and farmers in rural, urban and peri-urban settings","volume":"2","author":"Nayiga","year":"2020"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Am J Res Commun","first-page":"51","article-title":"Antimicrobial use in the poultry industry in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania and public health implications","volume":"2","author":"Mubito","year":"2014"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/111\/5\/article-p1138.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/111\/5\/article-p1138.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/111\/5\/article-p1138.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T08:45:50Z","timestamp":1730882750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/111\/5\/article-p1138.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.24-0227","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]}}}