{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T18:46:18Z","timestamp":1788201978742,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736294400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Zoonotic malaria presents a major public health challenge in Southeast Asia. <jats:italic>Plasmodium cynomolgi<\/jats:italic> coinfects the same macaque hosts and mosquito vectors as the most common cause of zoonotic malaria, <jats:italic>Plasmodium knowlesi<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>Plasmodium cynomolgi<\/jats:italic> appears morphologically similar to <jats:italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/jats:italic> on microscopy and can amplify <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic> polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, confounding transmission estimates. We screened 2,103 samples for <jats:italic>P. cynomolgi<\/jats:italic> across all 26 districts in Sabah, Malaysia, from 2010 to 2021. Samples comprised 1,425\u2009<jats:italic>P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic>, 256\u2009<jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>, 293\u2009<jats:italic>P. falciparum,<\/jats:italic> and 31 <jats:italic>Plasmodium malariae<\/jats:italic> PCR-confirmed malaria cases and 100 malaria microscopy-positive and species-specific PCR-negative samples. A nested PCR assay targeting <jats:italic>P. cynomolgi<\/jats:italic>-specific 18S small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid with a detection limit of \u223c2 parasites\/<jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>L was conducted on whole blood samples. No <jats:italic>P. cynomolgi<\/jats:italic> infections were detected. Symptomatic <jats:italic>P. cynomolgi<\/jats:italic> co-infections appear rare in Malaysia, although prevalence may be underestimated owing to the absence of routine molecular screening and the sensitivity of available assays.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.24-0264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T19:29:05Z","timestamp":1731439745000},"page":"85-88","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Plasmodium cynomolgi Infections Not Found in Microscopy-Diagnosed Malaria Cases across Sabah, Malaysia"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Lydia S.","family":"Murdiyarso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giri S.","family":"Rajahram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia;"},{"name":"Infectious Disease Society Kota Kinabalu Sabah \u2013 Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"},{"name":"Clinical Research Centre, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"},{"name":"Queen Elizabeth Hospital II, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelica F.","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia;"},{"name":"Infectious Disease Society Kota Kinabalu Sabah \u2013 Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim A.","family":"Piera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia;"},{"name":"Infectious Disease Society Kota Kinabalu Sabah \u2013 Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"William","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia;"},{"name":"Infectious Disease Society Kota Kinabalu Sabah \u2013 Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"},{"name":"Clinical Research Centre, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damian A.","family":"Oyong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sitti Saimah Binti","family":"Sakam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Society Kota Kinabalu Sabah \u2013 Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenarun","family":"Jelip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vector Borne Disease Sector, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiloris","family":"Dony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kota Kinabalu Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anisah","family":"Jantim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kota Kinabalu Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roddy","family":"Teo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Research Section, Sabah State Department of Health, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul Marsudi","family":"Manah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vector Borne Disease Unit, Sabah State Department of Health, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridget E.","family":"Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia;"},{"name":"Infectious Disease Society Kota Kinabalu Sabah \u2013 Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"},{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas M.","family":"Anstey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia;"},{"name":"Infectious Disease Society Kota Kinabalu Sabah \u2013 Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Grigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia;"},{"name":"Infectious Disease Society Kota Kinabalu Sabah \u2013 Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Nat Commun","first-page":"5750","article-title":"Zoonotic 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