{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T04:07:16Z","timestamp":1751515636578,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Most studies on tick-borne diseases in the United States have focused on suburban and rural areas, leaving a gap in understanding risks in cities, where environmental conditions and human\u2013tick interactions differ. Recent research has examined microhabitat effects on tick abundance but are limited in spatial and temporal scope. Tick behavior, such as host seeking, is shaped by local environmental factors and remains underexplored in urban landscapes. Integrating Earth observations of macroenvironmental and habitat conditions may improve our understanding of urban tick ecology. We hypothesize that a combination of micro- and macroenvironmental and habitat conditions predicts tick abundance in urban parks. Specifically, we expect microclimate factors (humidity and leaf litter depth) and macroconditions (habitat type and spatial arrangement) to influence questing tick abundance. In summer 2023, we collected ticks from 13 parks in the Oklahoma City metropolitan area using carbon dioxide traps and flagging techniques. Over 97% of ticks were <jats:italic>Amblyomma americanum<\/jats:italic>, a species known for aggressive host-seeking behavior. Our analysis of tick abundance in relation to microenvironmental (temperature, humidity, wind, and vegetation) and macroenvironmental (land-cover and landscape metrics) factors showed that solar radiation negatively affected tick abundance, whereas soil pH, woody vegetation, and forest cover were positive predictors. For adults, leaf litter depth and solar radiation were negative predictors, whereas woody vegetation and forest cover had positive impacts. <jats:italic>Amblyomma americanum<\/jats:italic> nymph abundance increased with humidity and soil pH. These findings underscore the complex interactions between environmental factors and tick distributions, with implications for urban health and park management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.24-0418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T17:39:44Z","timestamp":1745343584000},"page":"187-199","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Micro- and Macroenvironment and Habitat Influences on Tick Abundance in Oklahoma City Urban Parks"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Melissa R.","family":"Marquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Himel","family":"Talukder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenwen","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gibbs College of Architecture, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma;"},{"name":"Department of Planning and Landscape Architecture, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, Wisconsin;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Wimberly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anni","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Micromammals and Macroparasites","first-page":"91","author":"Durden","year":"2006"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"230","article-title":"The evolving medical and veterinary importance of the Gulf Coast tick (Acari: Ixodidae)","volume":"52","author":"Paddock","year":"2015"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Trends Parasitol","first-page":"295","article-title":"The blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis: An increasing public health concern","volume":"34","author":"Eisen","year":"2018"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep","first-page":"496","article-title":"Vital signs: Trends in reported vectorborne disease cases\u2014United States and territories, 2004\u20132016","volume":"67","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2018"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of tickborne rickettsial diseases: Rocky Mountain spotted fever and other spotted fever group Rickettsioses, Ehrlichioses, and Anaplasmosis\u2014United States","volume":"65","author":"Biggs","year":"2016"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"349","article-title":"County-scale distribution of Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the continental United States","volume":"53","author":"Eisen","year":"2016"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Ecol Appl","first-page":"353","article-title":"Ecology of Lyme disease: Habitat associations of ticks (Ixodes scapularis) in a rural landscape","volume":"5","author":"Ostfeld","year":"1995"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Parasitology","first-page":"S37","article-title":"Tick ecology: Processes and patterns behind the epidemiological risk posed by ixodid ticks as vectors","volume":"129","author":"Randolph","year":"2004"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Yale J Biol Med","first-page":"697","article-title":"Effect of deer reduction on abundance of the deer tick (Ixodes dammini)","volume":"57","author":"Wilson","year":"1984"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"285","article-title":"Influence of meso- and microscale habitat structure on focal distribution of sympatric Ixodes scapularis and Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae)","volume":"42","author":"Schulze","year":"2005"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"433","article-title":"Blood meal analysis to identify reservoir hosts for Amblyomma americanum ticks","volume":"16","author":"Allan","year":"2010"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA","first-page":"10942","article-title":"Deer, predators, and the emergence of Lyme disease","volume":"109","author":"Levi","year":"2012"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Environ Entomol","first-page":"263","article-title":"Seasonal abundance of Lone Star ticks on white-tailed deer","volume":"6","author":"Patrick","year":"1977"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Ann Entomol Soc Am","first-page":"1264","article-title":"Distribution, seasonal abundance, and hosts of the Gulf Coast tick in Oklahoma","volume":"66","author":"Semtner","year":"1973"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Funct Ecol","first-page":"889","article-title":"The ecological foundations of transmission potential and vector-borne disease in urban landscapes","volume":"29","author":"LaDeau","year":"2015"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"170","article-title":"Occurrence of the Gulf Coast tick (Acari: Ixodidae) on wild and domestic mammals in north-central Oklahoma","volume":"41","author":"Barker","year":"2004"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1713","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto\u2013infected blacklegged ticks in Tennessee Valley, Tennessee, USA","volume":"24","author":"Hickling","year":"2018"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"1352","article-title":"Surveillance of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in suburban natural habitats of central Maryland","volume":"58","author":"Milholland","year":"2021"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis","first-page":"319","article-title":"Risk factors for tick exposure in suburban settings in the northeastern United States","volume":"9","author":"Mead","year":"2018"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"Urban Ecosyst","first-page":"1439","article-title":"Associations between wildlife observations, human-tick encounters and landscape features in a peri-urban tick hotspot","volume":"26","author":"Taylor","year":"2023"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl","first-page":"71","article-title":"The role of wildlife in the transmission of parasitic zoonoses in peri-urban and urban areas","volume":"4","author":"Mackenstedt","year":"2015"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"Trends Ecol Evol","first-page":"95","article-title":"Urbanization and the ecology of wildlife diseases","volume":"22","author":"Bradley","year":"2007"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"273","article-title":"Lyme disease risk of exposure to blacklegged ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) infected with Borrelia burgdorferi (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae) in Pittsburgh regional parks","volume":"57","author":"Simmons","year":"2020"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"Parasit Vectors","first-page":"562","article-title":"Threat of attacks of Ixodes ricinus ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) and Lyme borreliosis within urban heat islands in south-western Poland","volume":"7","author":"Buczek","year":"2014"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Parasit Vectors","first-page":"576","article-title":"Questing tick abundance in urban and peri-urban parks in the French city of Lyon","volume":"13","author":"Mathews-Martin","year":"2020"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"Parasit Vectors","first-page":"573","article-title":"Ticks and the city\u2014Are there any differences between city parks and natural forests in terms of tick abundance and prevalence of spirochaetes?","volume":"10","author":"Kowalec","year":"2017"},{"key":"b27","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"233","article-title":"Factors influencing abundance of 3 tick species across a gradient of urban development intensity in the US Great Plains","volume":"61","author":"Noden","year":"2024"},{"key":"b28","series-title":"Integr Comp Biol","first-page":"45","article-title":"Fine-scale microclimatic variation can shape the responses of organisms to global change in both natural and urban environments","volume":"56","author":"Pincebourde","year":"2016"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"J Exp Mar Biol Ecol","first-page":"200","article-title":"Side matters: Microhabitat influence on intertidal heat stress over a large geographical scale","volume":"400","author":"Seabra","year":"2011"},{"key":"b30","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"1936","article-title":"Comparing satellite and ground-based measurements of environmental suitability for vector mosquitoes in an urban landscape","volume":"59","author":"McMahon","year":"2022"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"Biodivers Conserv","first-page":"2617","article-title":"Remote sensing of biodiversity: What to measure and monitor from space to species?","volume":"30","author":"Reddy","year":"2021"},{"key":"b32","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA","first-page":"18523","article-title":"Invasive honeysuckle eradication reduces tick-borne disease risk by altering host dynamics","volume":"107","author":"Allan","year":"2010"},{"key":"b33","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"415","article-title":"Geographical distribution patterns and habitat suitability models for presence of host-seeking ixodid ticks in dense woodlands of Mendocino County, California","volume":"43","author":"Eisen","year":"2006"},{"key":"b34","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"361","article-title":"Distribution, abundance, and habitat preferences of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in northern Spain","volume":"38","author":"Estrada-Pe\u00f1A","year":"2001"},{"key":"b35","series-title":"Landscape Ecol","first-page":"2435","article-title":"Habitat amount, quality, and fragmentation associated with prevalence of the tick-borne pathogen Ehrlichia chaffeensis and occupancy dynamics of its vector, Amblyomma americanum","volume":"34","author":"Simpson","year":"2019"},{"key":"b36","series-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis","first-page":"250","article-title":"The relevance of forest fragmentation on the incidence of human babesiosis: Investigating the landscape epidemiology of an emerging tick-borne disease","volume":"13","author":"Walsh","year":"2013"},{"key":"b37","series-title":"Exp Appl Acarol","first-page":"285","article-title":"The effects of sampling method and vegetation type on the estimated abundance of Ixodes ricinus ticks in forests","volume":"54","author":"Tack","year":"2011"},{"key":"b38","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1136","article-title":"Enhancement of risk for Lyme disease by landscape connectivity, New York, New York, USA","volume":"25","author":"VanAcker","year":"2019"},{"key":"b39","series-title":"Parasit Vectors","first-page":"288","article-title":"Risk of tick-borne pathogen spillover into urban yards in New York City","volume":"15","author":"Gregory","year":"2022"},{"key":"b40","series-title":"Microorganisms","first-page":"756","article-title":"Ticks and tick-borne pathogens in recreational greenspaces in north central Florida, USA","volume":"11","author":"Bhosale","year":"2023"},{"key":"b41","series-title":"Southwest Nat","first-page":"385","article-title":"The vegetation of Oklahoma: A classification for landscape mapping and conservation planning","volume":"45","author":"Hoagland","year":"2000"},{"year":"1989","series-title":"An Annotated List of the Ferns, Fern Allies, Gymnosperms and Flowering Plants of Oklahoma","author":"Taylor","key":"b42"},{"year":"1954","series-title":"An Introduction to Climate","author":"Trewartha","key":"b43"},{"key":"b44","series-title":"Land Use Policy","first-page":"710","article-title":"Land change variability and human\u2013environment dynamics in the United States Great Plains","volume":"29","author":"Drummond","year":"2012"},{"key":"b45","series-title":"J Vector Ecol","first-page":"12","article-title":"Invasive woody plants as foci of tick-borne pathogens: Eastern redcedar in the southern Great Plains","volume":"46","author":"Noden","year":"2021"},{"key":"b46","series-title":"Agric For Meteorol","first-page":"109836","article-title":"Eastward shift in Juniperus virginiana distribution range under future climate conditions in the southern Great Plains, United States","volume":"345","author":"Yang","year":"2024"},{"key":"b47","series-title":"Annu Rev Entomol","first-page":"307","article-title":"The ascendancy of Amblyomma americanumas: A vector of pathogens affecting humans in the United States","volume":"48","author":"Childs","year":"2003"},{"key":"b48","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0209082","article-title":"Current and future distribution of the Lone Star tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.) (Acari: Ixodidae) in North America","volume":"14","author":"Raghavan","year":"2019"},{"year":"2022","series-title":"The Ecological Drivers of Urban Tick-Borne Disease Emergence","author":"VanAcker","key":"b49"},{"key":"b50","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0302689","article-title":"Phenology of five tick species in the central Great Plains","volume":"19","author":"Ng\u2019eno","year":"2024"},{"key":"b51","series-title":"Public Health Rep","first-page":"469","article-title":"Incidence of Rocky Mountain spotted fever among American Indians in Oklahoma","volume":"115","author":"McQuiston","year":"2000"},{"year":"1994","series-title":"Ecological Dynamics of Tick-Borne Zoonoses","author":"Sonenshine","key":"b52"},{"key":"b53","series-title":"Conserv Biol","first-page":"267","article-title":"Effect of forest fragmentation on Lyme disease risk","volume":"17","author":"Allan","year":"2003"},{"year":"2023","series-title":"Oklahoma CITY MSA Local Briefing\u20132023","key":"b54"},{"key":"b55","series-title":"Environ Manage","first-page":"S27","article-title":"Perspectives on the nature and definition of ecological regions","volume":"34","author":"Omernik","year":"2004"},{"year":"2014","series-title":"Climate of Oklahoma","key":"b56"},{"year":"2024","series-title":"Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Oklahoma City","key":"b57"},{"key":"b58","series-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis","first-page":"119","article-title":"Risk of encountering ticks and tick-borne pathogens in a rapidly growing metropolitan area in the U.S. Great Plains","volume":"8","author":"Noden","year":"2017"},{"key":"b59","series-title":"Biology of Ticks","volume":"2","author":"Sonenshine","year":"2014"},{"key":"b60","series-title":"Exp Appl Acarol","first-page":"119","article-title":"Efficiency of flagging and dragging for tick collection","volume":"61","author":"Dantas-Torres","year":"2013"},{"key":"b61","series-title":"Southwest Entomol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pictorial key for identification of immature stages of common ixodid ticks found in pastures in Oklahoma","volume":"42","author":"Dubie","year":"2017"},{"key":"b62","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"435","article-title":"Pictorial key to the adults of hard ticks, family Ixodidae (Ixodida: Ixodoidea), east of the Mississippi River","volume":"26","author":"Keirans","year":"1989"},{"key":"b63","series-title":"Annu Rev Entomol","first-page":"659","article-title":"Off-host physiological ecology of ixodid ticks","volume":"36","author":"Needham","year":"1991"},{"year":"2019","series-title":"Urban Ecology of Ticks in Oklahoma City: Tick Distribution, Pathogen Prevalence and Avian Infestation across an Urbanization Gradient","author":"Roselli","key":"b64"},{"key":"b65","series-title":"Mach Learn","first-page":"5","article-title":"Random forests","volume":"45","author":"Breiman","year":"2001"},{"key":"b66","series-title":"J Urban Ecol","first-page":"juaa014","article-title":"Changes in the home range sizes of terrestrial vertebrates in response to urban disturbance: A meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"2020"},{"year":"2023","key":"b67","article-title":"landscapemetrics. Package in R 4.3.0"},{"key":"b68","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"320","article-title":"Human risk of infection with Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease agent, in eastern United States","volume":"86","author":"Diuk-Wasser","year":"2012"},{"key":"b69","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","first-page":"737","article-title":"Using landscape analysis to test hypotheses about drivers of tick abundance and infection prevalence with Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"15","author":"Ferrell","year":"2018"},{"key":"b70","series-title":"Ecography","first-page":"609","article-title":"Methods to account for spatial autocorrelation in the analysis of species distributional data: A review","volume":"30","author":"Dormann","year":"2007"},{"key":"b71","series-title":"Model Selection and Multimodel Inference: A Practical Information-Theoretic Approach","first-page":"98","author":"Burnham","year":"2002"},{"key":"b72","series-title":"J Stat Soft","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015"},{"key":"b73","series-title":"J Vector Ecol","first-page":"107","article-title":"Investigating the relationship between environmental factors and tick abundance in a small, highly heterogeneous region","volume":"40","author":"Del Fabbro","year":"2015"},{"key":"b74","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"318","article-title":"Effects of selected meteorological factors on diurnal questing of Ixodes scapularis and Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae)","volume":"38","author":"Schulze","year":"2001"},{"key":"b75","series-title":"Parasitol Res","first-page":"554","article-title":"Influence of saturation deficit and temperature on Ixodes ricinus tick questing activity in a Lyme borreliosis-endemic area (Switzerland)","volume":"86","author":"Perret","year":"2000"},{"key":"b76","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"619","article-title":"Microclimate-dependent survival of unfed adult Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in nature: Life cycle and study design implications","volume":"33","author":"Bertrand","year":"1996"},{"key":"b77","series-title":"J Vector Ecol","first-page":"138","article-title":"Influence of selected meteorological variables on the questing activity of Ixodes ricinus ticks in Lower Silesia, SW Poland","volume":"39","author":"Kiewra","year":"2014"},{"key":"b78","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"1555","article-title":"Ticks as soil-dwelling arthropods: An intersection between disease and soil ecology","volume":"56","author":"Burtis","year":"2019"},{"key":"b79","series-title":"Folia Oecologica","first-page":"176","article-title":"Soil reaction and tick abundance Ixodes ricinus","volume":"43","author":"Macko","year":"2016"},{"key":"b80","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"329","article-title":"The ecology and behavior of the Lone Star tick (Acarina: Ixodidae). I. The relationship between vegetative habitat type and tick abundance and distribution in Cherokee Co., Oklahoma","volume":"8","author":"Semtner","year":"1971"},{"key":"b81","series-title":"J Vector Ecol","first-page":"373","article-title":"Relationship between habitat type, fire frequency, and Amblyomma americanum populations in east-central Alabama","volume":"37","author":"Willis","year":"2012"},{"year":"2014","series-title":"Gulf Coast Tick, Amblyomma maculatum Koch (Acari: Ixodidae: Amblyomminae): EENY603\/IN1062, 10\/2014","author":"Hertz","key":"b82"},{"key":"b83","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","first-page":"1","article-title":"Biology of ticks","volume":"21","author":"Cupp","year":"1991"},{"year":"2014","series-title":"What Are Heat Islands?","key":"b84"},{"key":"b85","series-title":"Microorganisms","first-page":"609","article-title":"Harmful and harmless soil-dwelling fungi indicate microhabitat suitability for off-host ixodid ticks","volume":"12","author":"Gooding","year":"2024"},{"key":"b86","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"1025","article-title":"Air temperature and relative humidity effects on behavioral activity of blacklegged tick (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs in New Jersey","volume":"35","author":"Vail","year":"1998"},{"key":"b87","series-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis","first-page":"101988","article-title":"Seasonal changes in questing efficiency of wild Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs","volume":"13","author":"Mangan","year":"2022"},{"key":"b88","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"395","article-title":"Meteorologically mediated diurnal questing of Ixodes scapularis and Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs","volume":"40","author":"Schulze","year":"2003"},{"key":"b89","series-title":"J Vector Ecol","first-page":"271","article-title":"Ecological modeling over seven years to describe the number of host-seeking Amblyomma americanum in each life stage in northeast Missouri","volume":"43","author":"Mangan","year":"2018"},{"key":"b90","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"16652","article-title":"Landscape determinants of density of blacklegged ticks, vectors of Lyme disease, at the northern edge of their distribution in Canada","volume":"9","author":"Talbot","year":"2019"},{"key":"b91","series-title":"J Med Entomol","first-page":"1546","article-title":"Impact of land use changes and habitat fragmentation on the eco-epidemiology of tick-borne diseases","volume":"58","author":"Diuk-Wasser","year":"2021"},{"key":"b92","series-title":"Proc Biol Sci","first-page":"3911","article-title":"Hosts as ecological traps for the vector of Lyme disease","volume":"276","author":"Keesing","year":"2009"},{"key":"b93","series-title":"Trends Ecol Evol","first-page":"58","article-title":"Edge effects in fragmented forests: Implications for conservation","volume":"10","author":"Murcia","year":"1995"},{"key":"b94","series-title":"Environ Entomol","first-page":"1329","article-title":"Long-term effects of Berberis thunbergii (Ranunculales: Berberidaceae) management on Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) abundance and Borrelia burgdorferi (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae) prevalence in Connecticut, USA","volume":"46","author":"Williams","year":"2017"},{"key":"b95","series-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis","first-page":"18","article-title":"Assessing the underwater survival of two tick species, Amblyomma americanum and Amblyomma maculatum","volume":"10","author":"Bidder","year":"2019"},{"key":"b96","series-title":"Int J Parasitol","first-page":"809","article-title":"Ticks (Acari: Ixodida) on synanthropic small and medium-sized mammals in areas of the northeastern United States infested with the Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis","volume":"53","author":"Ferreira","year":"2023"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/1\/article-p187.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/1\/article-p187.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/1\/article-p187.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T13:54:04Z","timestamp":1751464444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/1\/article-p187.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"references-count":96,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.24-0418","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-9637"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1476-1645"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]}}}