{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T10:51:20Z","timestamp":1783421480862,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We compared the clinical characteristics and outcomes of active tuberculosis (TB) during pregnancy after in\u00a0vitro fertilization\u2013embryo transfer (IVF-ET) with those in natural pregnancies. The aim was to assess the impact of the mode of pregnancy on TB and to gain a deeper understanding of the clinical characteristics of TB during pregnancy in women who conceived through IVF-ET. This study retrospectively reviewed medical records to analyze maternal and perinatal outcomes in women with active TB during pregnancy, comparing those who conceived through IVF-ET with those who conceived naturally. Using a 1:2 propensity score matching method, this study included 37 pregnant women with active TB who conceived through IVF-ET and 74 matched pregnant women with active TB who conceived naturally. In the IVF-ET group, all patients developed TB during early to mid-pregnancy, with an average onset at 11 weeks. In contrast, the natural pregnancy group had a later onset, averaging 17 weeks (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002). The IVF-ET group had higher fever and miliary TB frequency than the natural pregnancy group (94.6% versus 62.2% and 74.3% versus 27.4%, respectively, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05). Although there were no significant differences in maternal intensive care unit admission rates or TB-related mortality between the two groups (24.3% versus 18.9% and 2.7% versus 6.8%, respectively, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &gt;0.05), the IVF-ET group showed higher fetal mortality (94.6% versus 56.8%, respectively, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.001). IVF-ET was found to contribute to the exacerbation and spread of TB, underscoring the need for enhanced screening in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.24-0644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T17:39:50Z","timestamp":1745343590000},"page":"170-176","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Clinical Features and Outcomes of Tuberculosis after in\u00a0Vitro Fertilization\u2013Embryo Transfer Compared with Natural Pregnancy: A Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Jiayu","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China;"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Qing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China;"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Lancet Microbe","first-page":"e20","article-title":"WHO\u2019s global tuberculosis report 2022","volume":"4","author":"Bagcchi","year":"2023"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"BJOG","first-page":"727","article-title":"Maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity associated with tuberculosis during pregnancy and the postpartum period: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"124","author":"Sobhy","year":"2017"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"PLoS 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