{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:36:55Z","timestamp":1777595815975,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Eosinophilia is frequently observed among individuals with soil-transmitted helminth infections, although its connection with\n                    <jats:italic>Giardia intestinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    is somewhat ambiguous. In this study, 66 outpatients diagnosed with giardiasis were analyzed at Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca in Spain between 2021 and 2024. Outpatients presented with diarrhea and abdominal pain and were diagnosed via stool microscopy. Eosinophilia, defined as &gt;450 eosinophils\/\n                    <jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>\n                    L, was observed in 45% (30\/66) of cases, with a mean eosinophil count of 663 \u00b1 522 cells\/\n                    <jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>\n                    L. After treatment with metronidazole or tinidazole, eosinophil counts significantly decreased to 219 \u00b1 178 cells\/\n                    <jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>\n                    L. These findings suggest an association between\n                    <jats:italic>Giardia intestinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection and eosinophilia, highlighting the importance of including\n                    <jats:italic>Giardia intestinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the differential diagnosis of unexplained eosinophilia in outpatients experiencing gastrointestinal symptoms.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.24-0855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T14:13:01Z","timestamp":1756390381000},"page":"1018-1021","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Giardiasis and Eosinophilia in Outpatients with Gastrointestinal Symptoms: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Ni\u00f1o-Puerto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas y Tropicales (e-INTRO), Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bel\u00e9n","family":"Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas y Tropicales (e-INTRO), Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josu\u00e9","family":"Pendones Ulerio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiolog\u00eda y Parasitolog\u00eda, CAUSA, IBSAL, CIETUS, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hugo Rodrigues","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Medicina Interna, Unidad de Infecciosas, CAUSA, IBSAL, e-INTRO, CIETUS, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Muro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas y Tropicales (e-INTRO), Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Luis","family":"Mu\u00f1oz Bellido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiolog\u00eda y Parasitolog\u00eda, CAUSA, IBSAL, CIETUS, Departamento de Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas y del Diagn\u00f3stico, CSIC, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moncef","family":"Belhassen-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Medicina Interna, Unidad de Infecciosas, CAUSA, IBSAL, e-INTRO, CIETUS, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov","first-page":"134","article-title":"Giardiasis: An overview","volume":"13","author":"Leung","year":"2019"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Prim Care","first-page":"607","article-title":"Eosinophilia","volume":"43","author":"Kovalszki","year":"2016"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases","first-page":"1348","author":"Prasanphanich","year":"2023"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Parasite Immunol","first-page":"394","article-title":"Host defences against Giardia 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A retrospective cohort study of the histological abnormalities in giardiasis","volume":"49","author":"Koot","year":"2009"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Lung India","first-page":"69","article-title":"Eosinophilic pleural effusion and giardiasis: A causal or a casual relationship?","volume":"30","author":"Singh","year":"2013"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"e0002419","article-title":"Giardia duodenalis: Biology and pathogenesis","volume":"34","author":"Adam","year":"2021"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Curr Trop Med Rep","first-page":"119","article-title":"The immunological enigma of human giardiasis","volume":"2","author":"Klotz","year":"2015"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Korean J Parasitol","first-page":"225","article-title":"Increased innate lymphoid cell 3 and IL-17 production in mouse lamina propria stimulated with Giardia lamblia.","volume":"57","author":"Lee","year":"2019"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Int J Parasitol","first-page":"311","article-title":"Giardia duodenalis induces pathogenic dysbiosis of human intestinal microbiota biofilms","volume":"47","author":"Beatty","year":"2017"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Curr Trop Med Rep","first-page":"110","article-title":"Giardia duodenalis: New research developments in pathophysiology, pathogenesis, and virulence factors","volume":"2","author":"Buret","year":"2015"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/5\/article-p1018.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/5\/article-p1018.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/5\/article-p1018.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T14:25:25Z","timestamp":1762352725000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/5\/article-p1018.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.24-0855","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]}}}