{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T04:12:33Z","timestamp":1749096753674,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This case report presents a rare instance of concomitant splenic tuberculosis (TB), Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV)-related T-cell leukemia\/lymphoma, and malaria in a 28-year-old pregnant woman at a M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res-supported hospital in South Sudan. The patient was admitted with splenomegaly, anorexia, weakness, and transfusion-refractory anemia. She tested positive for malaria and was treated appropriately. Because of ongoing consumptive anemia, cachexia, and weakness severely impacting her quality of life, the patient underwent splenectomy. A diagnosis of TB was ultimately confirmed post-splenectomy through histopathological analysis and molecular testing. Gross findings from the pathologic analysis of a splenic sample revealed miliary deposits, necrotizing granulomas, and atypical lymphocytic infiltrates consistent with TB and EBV-associated leukemia\/lymphoma. Despite temporary improvement post-operatively and the initiation of TB therapy, the patient discontinued treatment and was lost to follow-up, likely resulting in mortality. This report presents an unusual combination of concomitant pathologies that underscore the diagnostic challenges and complexity of managing overlapping infectious and hematological disorders in resource-limited settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.25-0033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T13:05:40Z","timestamp":1749042340000},"page":"1267-1272","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Concomitant Splenic Tuberculosis and Epstein\u2013Barr Virus-Related T-Cell Leukemia\/Lymphoma in a 28-Year-Old Pregnant Woman in South Sudan"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Hannah B.","family":"Wild","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Aumuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c9picentre, M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res, Juba, South Sudan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Kuei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res, Aweil Project, Aweil, South Sudan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mel","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res, Aweil Project, Aweil, South Sudan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Palm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sundsvall Hospital, Sundsvall, Sweden;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Pendergrast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Letoquart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery Advisor M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res France, Paris, France;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jefferson","family":"Terry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahrzad","family":"Joharifard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","article-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2024."},{"key":"b2","series-title":"World J Clin Cases","first-page":"10260","article-title":"Solitary splenic tuberculosis: A case 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