{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T18:05:50Z","timestamp":1775844350949,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Transfusion-transmitted malaria risk in the United States is estimated at less than 1 per 10 million blood donations or about one case every 2 years. Since 2000, the 13 transfusion-transmitted malaria case donations were from former residents of a malaria-endemic area who were mostly outside the deferral windows. Recent autochthonous malaria outbreaks occurred in 2002, 2003, and 2023. From May to early July 2023 in Sarasota County, Florida, symptomatic\n                    <jats:italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    malaria was detected in seven individuals without recent malaria travel history. The local state department of health instituted mosquito control measures and increases in patient malaria syndromic surveillance on May 24th. The local blood center similarly responded to this autochthonous 2023\n                    <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    outbreak by implementing a nontesting donor risk mitigation strategy of escalating blood donor screening measures and pathogen reduction to minimize the risk of transfusion-transmitted malaria in presymptomatic donors. In the absence of an approved blood donor screening test for malaria at the time, additional nucleic acid testing on 258 donor samples from four Sarasota zip codes and 178 donor samples from eight Miami zip codes collected from July to October was studied retrospectively using a transcription-mediated amplification with a limit of detection ranging from two to seven infected erythrocytes per milliliter. All donor samples were nucleic acid test nonreactive. No local transfusion transmission malaria cases were reported. Both the Florida Department of Health and the blood center took mitigation steps to decrease mosquito and blood donor transmission risks combined with increased surveillance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.25-0139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T18:43:42Z","timestamp":1765305822000},"page":"305-311","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Heightened Nontesting Risk Mitigation Blood Donor Screening with Retrospective Transcription-Mediated Amplification Testing during a 2023 Autochthonous Florida Malaria Cluster"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"David J.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marion C.","family":"Lanteri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Creative Testing Solutions, Tempe, Arizona;"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Bres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grifols Diagnostic Solutions Inc., San Diego, California;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maesa","family":"Hanhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grifols Diagnostic Solutions Inc., San Diego, California;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marlene","family":"Pagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OneBlood, Inc., St. Petersburg, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Rey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Creative Testing Solutions, Tempe, Arizona;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Korena","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OneBlood, Inc., St. Petersburg, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rita A.","family":"Reik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OneBlood, Inc., St. Petersburg, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Transfusion","first-page":"S19","article-title":"Supplemental findings of the 2021 National Blood Collection and Utilization Survey","volume":"63","author":"Kracalik","year":"2023"},{"key":"b2","article-title":"Implementation of Acceptable Full-Length and Abbreviated Donor History Questionnaires and Accompanying Materials for Use in Screening Donors of Blood and Blood Components: Guidance for Industry.","year":"2023"},{"key":"b3","article-title":"Revised Recommendations to Reduce the Risk of Transfusion Transmitted Malaria. Guidance for Industry.","year":"2020"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Transfus Med Hemother","first-page":"205","article-title":"Transfusion-transmitted malaria and mitigation strategies in nonendemic regions","volume":"49","author":"Niederhauser","year":"2022"},{"key":"b5","article-title":"2024 Meeting Materials, Blood Products Advisory Committee.","year":"2024"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ","first-page":"1","article-title":"Malaria surveillance\u2014United States, 2018","volume":"71","author":"Mace","year":"2022"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ","first-page":"25","article-title":"Malaria surveillance\u2014United States, 2003","volume":"54","author":"Eliades","year":"2005"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"e401","article-title":"Locally acquired malaria cases in the USA","volume":"23","author":"Bagcchi","year":"2023"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep","first-page":"973","article-title":"Outbreak of locally acquired mosquito-transmitted (autochthonous) malaria\u2014Florida and Texas, May\u2013July 2023","volume":"72","author":"Blackburn","year":"2023"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep","first-page":"1123","article-title":"Notes from the field: Locally acquired mosquito-transmitted (autochthonous) Plasmodium falciparum malaria\u2014National Capital Region, Maryland, August 2023","volume":"72","author":"Duwell","year":"2023"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep","first-page":"646","article-title":"Locally acquired (autochthonous) mosquito-transmitted Plasmodium vivax malaria\u2014Saline County, Arkansas, September 2023","volume":"73","author":"Courtney","year":"2024"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Ecology","first-page":"e3685","article-title":"Temperature impacts the environmental suitability for malaria transmission by Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles stephensi.","volume":"103","author":"Villena","year":"2022"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"152","article-title":"The Chesson strain of Plasmodium vivax in humans and different species of Aotus monkeys","volume":"80","author":"Collins","year":"2009"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"J Infect Dis","first-page":"228","article-title":"The Chesson strain of Plasmodium vivax malaria; relationship between prepatent period, latent period and relapse rate","volume":"80","author":"Craige","year":"1947"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e99754","article-title":"Plasmodium vivax sporozoite challenge in malaria-na\u00efve and semi-immune Colombian volunteers","volume":"9","author":"Ar\u00e9valo-Herrera","year":"2014"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"740","article-title":"Successful sporozoite challenge model in human volunteers with Plasmodium vivax strain derived from human donors","volume":"81","author":"Herrera","year":"2009"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med","first-page":"a025452","article-title":"Biology of malaria transmission","volume":"7","author":"Meibalan","year":"2017"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1214","article-title":"Autochthonous Plasmodium vivax infections, Florida, USA, 2023","volume":"30","author":"Muneer","year":"2024"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Transfusion","first-page":"94","article-title":"A novel mitigation strategy for the prevention of transfusion-transmitted malaria","volume":"64","author":"Tonnetti","year":"2024"},{"key":"b20","article-title":"Complete List of Donor Screening Assays for Infectious Agents and HIV Diagnostic Assays.","year":"2025"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ","first-page":"21","article-title":"Malaria surveillance\u2014United States, 2002","volume":"53","author":"Shah","year":"2004"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep","first-page":"908","article-title":"Local transmission of Plasmodium vivax malaria\u2014Palm Beach County, Florida, 2003","volume":"52","year":"2003"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ","first-page":"1","article-title":"Malaria surveillance\u2014United States, 2017","volume":"70","author":"Mace","year":"2021"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc","first-page":"1092","article-title":"Transfusion-transmitted malaria: Two pediatric cases from the United States and their relevance in an increasingly globalized world","volume":"10","author":"Stubbs","year":"2021"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Transfusion","first-page":"2115","article-title":"Investigation of a case of suspected transfusion-transmitted malaria","volume":"58","author":"Anand","year":"2018"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1973","article-title":"Transfusion-transmitted malaria in the United States from 1963 through 1999","volume":"344","author":"Mungai","year":"2001"},{"key":"b27","series-title":"Transfusion","first-page":"1319","article-title":"Inactivation of a broad spectrum of viruses and parasites by photochemical treatment of plasma and platelets using amotosalen and ultraviolet A light","volume":"60","author":"Lanteri","year":"2020"},{"key":"b28","series-title":"Transfusion","first-page":"1073","article-title":"Robust inactivation of Plasmodium falciparum in red blood cell concentrates using amustaline and glutathione pathogen reduction","volume":"62","author":"Sow","year":"2022"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"Transfusion","first-page":"344","article-title":"Characterizing the antibody response to amustaline\/glutathione pathogen-reduced red blood cells","volume":"65","author":"Karim","year":"2025"},{"key":"b30","article-title":"Recommendations to Reduce the Risk of Transfusion-Transmitted Malaria: Draft Guidance for Industry.","year":"2025"},{"key":"b1","series-title":"Transfusion","first-page":"S19","article-title":"Supplemental findings of the 2021 National Blood Collection and Utilization Survey","volume":"63","author":"Kracalik","year":"2023"},{"key":"b2","article-title":"Implementation of Acceptable Full-Length and Abbreviated Donor History Questionnaires and Accompanying Materials for Use in Screening Donors of Blood and Blood Components: Guidance for Industry.","year":"2023"},{"key":"b3","article-title":"Revised Recommendations to Reduce the Risk of Transfusion Transmitted Malaria. Guidance for Industry.","year":"2020"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Transfus Med Hemother","first-page":"205","article-title":"Transfusion-transmitted malaria and mitigation strategies in nonendemic regions","volume":"49","author":"Niederhauser","year":"2022"},{"key":"b5","article-title":"2024 Meeting Materials, Blood Products Advisory Committee.","year":"2024"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ","first-page":"1","article-title":"Malaria surveillance\u2014United States, 2018","volume":"71","author":"Mace","year":"2022"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ","first-page":"25","article-title":"Malaria surveillance\u2014United States, 2003","volume":"54","author":"Eliades","year":"2005"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"e401","article-title":"Locally acquired malaria cases in the USA","volume":"23","author":"Bagcchi","year":"2023"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep","first-page":"973","article-title":"Outbreak of locally acquired mosquito-transmitted (autochthonous) malaria\u2014Florida and Texas, May\u2013July 2023","volume":"72","author":"Blackburn","year":"2023"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep","first-page":"1123","article-title":"Notes from the field: Locally acquired mosquito-transmitted (autochthonous) Plasmodium falciparum malaria\u2014National Capital Region, Maryland, August 2023","volume":"72","author":"Duwell","year":"2023"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep","first-page":"646","article-title":"Locally acquired (autochthonous) mosquito-transmitted Plasmodium vivax malaria\u2014Saline County, Arkansas, September 2023","volume":"73","author":"Courtney","year":"2024"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Ecology","first-page":"e3685","article-title":"Temperature impacts the environmental suitability for malaria transmission by Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles stephensi.","volume":"103","author":"Villena","year":"2022"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"152","article-title":"The Chesson strain of Plasmodium vivax in humans and different species of Aotus monkeys","volume":"80","author":"Collins","year":"2009"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"J Infect Dis","first-page":"228","article-title":"The Chesson strain of Plasmodium vivax malaria; relationship between prepatent period, latent period and relapse rate","volume":"80","author":"Craige","year":"1947"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e99754","article-title":"Plasmodium vivax sporozoite challenge in malaria-na\u00efve and semi-immune Colombian volunteers","volume":"9","author":"Ar\u00e9valo-Herrera","year":"2014"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"740","article-title":"Successful sporozoite challenge model in human volunteers with Plasmodium vivax strain derived from human donors","volume":"81","author":"Herrera","year":"2009"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med","first-page":"a025452","article-title":"Biology of malaria transmission","volume":"7","author":"Meibalan","year":"2017"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1214","article-title":"Autochthonous Plasmodium vivax infections, Florida, USA, 2023","volume":"30","author":"Muneer","year":"2024"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Transfusion","first-page":"94","article-title":"A novel mitigation strategy for the prevention of transfusion-transmitted malaria","volume":"64","author":"Tonnetti","year":"2024"},{"key":"b20","article-title":"Complete List of Donor Screening Assays for Infectious Agents and HIV Diagnostic Assays.","year":"2025"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ","first-page":"21","article-title":"Malaria surveillance\u2014United States, 2002","volume":"53","author":"Shah","year":"2004"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep","first-page":"908","article-title":"Local transmission of Plasmodium vivax malaria\u2014Palm Beach County, Florida, 2003","volume":"52","year":"2003"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ","first-page":"1","article-title":"Malaria surveillance\u2014United States, 2017","volume":"70","author":"Mace","year":"2021"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc","first-page":"1092","article-title":"Transfusion-transmitted malaria: Two pediatric cases from the United States and their relevance in an increasingly globalized world","volume":"10","author":"Stubbs","year":"2021"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Transfusion","first-page":"2115","article-title":"Investigation of a case of suspected transfusion-transmitted malaria","volume":"58","author":"Anand","year":"2018"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1973","article-title":"Transfusion-transmitted malaria in the United States from 1963 through 1999","volume":"344","author":"Mungai","year":"2001"},{"key":"b27","series-title":"Transfusion","first-page":"1319","article-title":"Inactivation of a broad spectrum of viruses and parasites by photochemical treatment of plasma and platelets using amotosalen and ultraviolet A light","volume":"60","author":"Lanteri","year":"2020"},{"key":"b28","series-title":"Transfusion","first-page":"1073","article-title":"Robust inactivation of Plasmodium falciparum in red blood cell concentrates using amustaline and glutathione pathogen reduction","volume":"62","author":"Sow","year":"2022"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"Transfusion","first-page":"344","article-title":"Characterizing the antibody response to amustaline\/glutathione pathogen-reduced red blood cells","volume":"65","author":"Karim","year":"2025"},{"key":"b30","article-title":"Recommendations to Reduce the Risk of Transfusion-Transmitted Malaria: Draft Guidance for Industry.","year":"2025"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/114\/2\/article-p305.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/114\/2\/article-p305.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/114\/2\/article-p305.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T17:19:34Z","timestamp":1775841574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/114\/2\/article-p305.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.25-0139","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]}}}