{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T04:43:55Z","timestamp":1790052235821,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764720000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a major threat to global health, with limited surveillance data available from western sub-Saharan Africa. After reports of high rates of methicillin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MRSA) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) in bloodstream infections at The Gambia\u2019s sole tertiary hospital, we present follow-up data after enhancements in microbiology capacity. This study included 1,010 patients with blood cultures taken at Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital between September 2023 and August 2024. The positivity rate remained high (31%), particularly among neonates and critically ill patients.\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    was the most frequently isolated pathogen (49%,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 155\/314), with MRSA identified in 22% (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 34\/152) of tested isolates. Among Enterobacterales, ESBL production remained high (87%,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 84\/97), and carbapenem resistance was detected in 15% (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 6\/39) of tested isolates. Our findings highlight the need for a robust and sustained AMR surveillance system to inform targeted interventions aimed at reducing the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.25-0199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T15:46:14Z","timestamp":1758642374000},"page":"1320-1323","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Bloodstream Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance in The Gambia: Continuous Surveillance from a Tertiary Care Center"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Nygren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Malm\u00f6, Sweden;"},{"name":"Division of Infection Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebrima","family":"Barrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheikh Omar","family":"Bittaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia;"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Banjul, The Gambia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haddy","family":"Bah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia;"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Banjul, The Gambia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatou","family":"Banja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kumba Suun","family":"Mboob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lamin","family":"Fatajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marisel Gomez","family":"Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Olabode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alieu","family":"Jallow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdoulie","family":"Badjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia;"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Banjul, The Gambia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Rahden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RG Neglected Diseases and Envenoming, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Lancet Glob Health","first-page":"e201","article-title":"The burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in the WHO African region in 2019: A cross-country systematic analysis","volume":"12","year":"2024"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"629","article-title":"Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: A systematic analysis","volume":"399","year":"2022"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Public Health (Oxf)","first-page":"8","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in the WHO African region: Current status and roadmap for action","volume":"39","author":"Essack","year":"2017"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"BMJ Open","first-page":"e035632","article-title":"Febrile illness evaluation in a broad range of endemicities (FIEBRE): Protocol for a multisite prospective observational study of the causes of fever in Africa and Asia","volume":"10","author":"Hopkins","year":"2020"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"S105","article-title":"Community-acquired invasive bacterial disease in urban Gambia, 2005\u20132015: A hospital-based surveillance","volume":"69","author":"Darboe","year":"2019"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)","first-page":"790","article-title":"Using an antibiogram profile to improve infection control and rational antimicrobial therapy in an urban hospital in The Gambia, strategies and lessons for low- and middle-income countries","volume":"12","author":"Darboe","year":"2023"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect","first-page":"386.e1","article-title":"Maternal colonization and early-onset neonatal bacterial sepsis in the Gambia, West Africa: A genomic analysis of vertical transmission","volume":"29","author":"Okomo","year":"2023"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis","first-page":"ofz332","article-title":"Bacteremia in childhood life-threatening infections in urban Gambia: EUCLIDS in West Africa","volume":"6","author":"Secka","year":"2019"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol","first-page":"170","article-title":"Prevalence of Panton\u2013Valentine leukocidin (PVL) and antimicrobial resistance in community-acquired clinical Staphylococcus aureus in an urban Gambian hospital: A 11-year period retrospective pilot study","volume":"9","author":"Darboe","year":"2019"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"BMC Infect Dis","first-page":"170","article-title":"Bloodstream infections at a tertiary hospital in the Gambia\u2014A one-year retrospective study","volume":"25","author":"Rahden","year":"2025"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/6\/article-p1320.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/6\/article-p1320.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/6\/article-p1320.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T13:32:16Z","timestamp":1764768736000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/6\/article-p1320.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.25-0199","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]}}}