{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T14:34:59Z","timestamp":1762353299930,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762300800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Strongyloides stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a soil-transmitted helminth, was historically known to persist throughout the southeastern United States, but data regarding current prevalence are lacking. This project aimed to evaluate potential seroprevalence and epidemiologic risk factors for\n                    <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections among South Carolina (SC) residents. First, a cross-sectional serosurvey was conducted on banked serum samples, and seroprevalence status was compared with associated health questionnaires. Seropositive participants were contacted for follow-up confirmation and management. Second, a retrospective chart abstraction was performed within the state\u2019s largest health care system, comparing medical records among patients testing positive for\n                    <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic>\n                    with two matched controls over a 5-year period. From the initial cross-sectional serosurvey, 5.0% (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 78 of 1,572) of sera tested positive for\n                    <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic>\n                    antibodies. Significant differences in race\/ethnicity and education level were noted between positive and negative residents. Geospatial analysis revealed statistical hot spots in northwestern and central SC. Follow-up participation of seropositives was low (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 14 of 78); however, five of these participants (36%) were positive on confirmation testing. Of these, three had evidence of autochthonous transmission. Conversely, the retrospective chart abstraction revealed 26 patients with confirmed laboratory diagnosis of\n                    <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection, of which 6 had evidence of autochthonous transmission. We found a small but nonnegligible burden of autochthonous\n                    <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection among SC residents. Further study is needed to better characterize the clinical burden and epidemiologic risk factors for locally acquired\n                    <jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This information may provide contemporary data to inform future targeted public health interventions for at-risk populations in the southeastern United States.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.25-0209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T14:18:05Z","timestamp":1755613085000},"page":"1039-1047","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evidence of Autochthonous Human Strongyloides stercoralis in South Carolina"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Matthew S.","family":"Haldeman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine\u2013Columbia, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Heidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salom\u00e9-Jo\u00eblle","family":"Gass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Service, Policy, and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Columbia, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa S.","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1789","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 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USA","volume":"29","author":"Bradbury","year":"2023"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"2461","article-title":"Cross-sectional study of soil-transmitted helminthiases in Black Belt Region of Alabama, USA","volume":"29","author":"Poole","year":"2023"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep","first-page":"843","article-title":"Notes from the field: Strongyloidiasis in a rural setting\u2014southeastern Kentucky, 2013","volume":"62","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2013"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Am J Case Rep","first-page":"339","article-title":"Strongyloides stercoralis infection among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in the United States of America: A case report and review of literature","volume":"18","author":"Vazquez Guillamet","year":"2017"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Am J Public Health","first-page":"47","article-title":"Extending public health: The Rockefeller Sanitary Commission and 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