{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T14:34:25Z","timestamp":1762353265179,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The efficacy of spatial repellents in preventing malaria infections is unclear. In the present study, a meta-analysis of four randomized controlled trials conducted in China, Indonesia, and Kenya, involving 6,745 participants, was conducted to assess the efficacy of spatial repellents in reducing malaria infections. The risk of malaria infection was lower with the use of spatial repellents (681 [20.0%] of 3,399 participants) compared with controls (1,055 [31.0%] of 3,346 participants), resulting in a 52% risk reduction (pooled risk ratio: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.33 to 0.70;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001). No statistically significant effects on mosquito density (mean difference \u201310.0; 95% CI: \u201329.6 to 9.7), measured via human landing catch, or sporozoite rates (82 [0.007%] of 12,321 mosquitoes versus 79 [0.006%] of 14,151 mosquitoes; risk ratio: 1.13; 95% CI: 0.83 to 1.54) were observed. High statistical and methodological heterogeneity limited the certainty of pooled estimates. In this meta-analysis, spatial repellents were associated with a substantial reduction in malaria infections, supporting their role as a complementary intervention for malaria prevention.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.25-0264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T15:11:35Z","timestamp":1756998695000},"page":"1006-1010","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of Spatial Repellents in Malaria Prevention: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Marlene","family":"Prager","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Pracher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Zeitlinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anselm","family":"Jorda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"year":"2024","series-title":"World Malaria Report 2024: Addressing Inequity in the Global Malaria Response","key":"b1"},{"year":"2021","series-title":"Global Technical Strategy for Malaria 2016\u20132030, 2021 Update","key":"b2"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"344","article-title":"Efficacy of a spatial repellent for control of malaria in Indonesia: A cluster-randomized controlled trial","volume":"103","author":"Syafruddin","year":"2020"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"249","article-title":"Efficacy of the spatial repellent product Mosquito ShieldTM against wild pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles arabiensis in south-eastern Tanzania","volume":"22","author":"Swai","year":"2023"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"412","article-title":"Field assessment of a novel spatial repellent for malaria control: A feasibility and acceptability 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spatial repellent for control of Aedes-borne virus transmission: A cluster-randomized trial in Iquitos, Peru","volume":"119","author":"Morrison","year":"2022"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Insects","first-page":"767","article-title":"Transfluthrin and metofluthrin as effective repellents against pyrethroid-susceptible and pyrethroid-resistant Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae)","volume":"14","author":"Kim","year":"2023"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Parasit Vectors","first-page":"287","article-title":"A systematic review of mosquito coils and passive emanators: Defining recommendations for spatial repellency testing methodologies","volume":"5","author":"Ogoma","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/5\/article-p1006.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/5\/article-p1006.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/5\/article-p1006.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T14:24:18Z","timestamp":1762352658000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/113\/5\/article-p1006.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.25-0264","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-9637"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1476-1645"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]}}}