{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:32:56Z","timestamp":1787031176358,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Paragonimiasis is a parasitic disease caused by the genus\n                    <jats:italic>Paragonimus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , typically transmitted through the ingestion of raw or undercooked freshwater crabs. Although pulmonary involvement is typical, ectopic migration to subcutaneous or hepatic sites is rare and poses diagnostic challenges. A case of paragonimiasis in a 29-year-old Cambodian woman residing in Japan who presented with painless subcutaneous nodules on the chest and abdomen is reported in the current study. She had consumed raw crab 4 months before presentation. Laboratory findings revealed marked eosinophilia (21,000\/\n                    <jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>\n                    L) and elevated immunoglobulin E (5,049 IU\/mL). Computed tomography scans revealed pleural effusion, club-shaped pulmonary consolidation, funicular hypodense lesions in the liver, and subcutaneous lesions. Stool and sputum test results were negative for parasite eggs; however, a microplate ELISA indicated a\n                    <jats:italic>Paragonimus westermani<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. The patient responded well to 3 consecutive days of praziquantel (75 mg\/kg\/day) and was discharged a week later. This case highlights the importance of considering paragonimiasis in patients with unexplained subcutaneous nodules and eosinophilia, especially when supported by dietary risk factors.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.25-0392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T14:28:07Z","timestamp":1765895287000},"page":"486-489","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Case of Heavy Paragonimiasis Involving a Multi-Organ Presentation with Hypereosinophilia and Hepatic Migration"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Hidemasa","family":"Akazawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideharu","family":"Hagiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinnosuke","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan;"},{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenta","family":"Nakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohei","family":"Oguni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan;"},{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yohei","family":"Manabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mio","family":"Kokubo-Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruhiko","family":"Maruyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumio","family":"Otsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol","first-page":"203","article-title":"Paragonimiasis","volume":"1454","author":"Blair","year":"2024"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Parasitology","first-page":"1286","article-title":"Lung flukes of the genus Paragonimus: Ancient and re-emerging pathogens","volume":"149","author":"Blair","year":"2022"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Acta Trop","first-page":"105074","article-title":"Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in Asia: An update","volume":"199","author":"Yoshida","year":"2019"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Trends Parasitol","first-page":"318","article-title":"Paragonimiasis: An important food-borne zoonosis in China","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2008"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"J Infect Chemother","first-page":"603","article-title":"Epidemiologic evaluation of pulmonary paragonimiasis in Japan using a Japanese nationwide administrative database","volume":"30","author":"Ikushima","year":"2024"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Intern Med","first-page":"179","article-title":"Paragonimiasis in Japan: A twelve-year retrospective case review (2001\u20132012)","volume":"54","author":"Nagayasu","year":"2015"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf)","first-page":"282","article-title":"Hepatic paragonimiasis: A single-center retrospective analysis of 32 cases in Mainland China","volume":"5","author":"Ye","year":"2017"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Infect Drug Resist","first-page":"2429","article-title":"Pneumothorax with eosinophilia is an important diagnostic clue for distinguishing paragonimiasis from chronic eosinophilic pneumonia: A case report","volume":"16","author":"Sakakura","year":"2023"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Clin Chest Med","first-page":"409","article-title":"Paragonimiasis: A Japanese perspective","volume":"23","author":"Nakamura-Uchiyama","year":"2002"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"e151","article-title":"Clinical features of paragonimiasis cases recently found in Japan: Parasite-specific immunoglobulin M and G antibody classes","volume":"32","author":"Nakamura-Uchiyama","year":"2001"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e0010240","article-title":"Cerebral paragonimiasis: Clinicoradiological features and serodiagnosis using recombinant yolk ferritin","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2022"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"BMC Infect Dis","first-page":"397","article-title":"Analysis of clinical characteristics of 213 clinically diagnosed pediatric patients with paragonimiasis from Yunnan, China","volume":"25","author":"Huang","year":"2025"},{"key":"b13","article-title":"Current Epidemiological Status of Paragonimiasis in Japan."},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Nettai Igaku (Tropical Medicine)","first-page":"186","article-title":"An epidemiological survey of paragonimiasis in Hata district, Kochi prefecture","volume":"14","author":"Katamine","year":"1972"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Kisaengchunghak Chapchi","first-page":"22","article-title":"A comparison of sensitivity on stool and sputum examination for diagnosis of paragonimasis","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"1970"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Internet J Trop Med","first-page":"1","article-title":"The need for a better method: Comparison of direct smear and formol-ether concentration techniques in diagnosing intestinal parasites","volume":"3","author":"Ekwunife","year":"2007"},{"key":"b1","series-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol","first-page":"203","article-title":"Paragonimiasis","volume":"1454","author":"Blair","year":"2024"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Parasitology","first-page":"1286","article-title":"Lung flukes of the genus Paragonimus: Ancient and re-emerging pathogens","volume":"149","author":"Blair","year":"2022"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Acta Trop","first-page":"105074","article-title":"Paragonimus and 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