{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T06:57:21Z","timestamp":1793948241476,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764720000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The community-randomized, placebo-controlled\n                    <jats:italic>Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e8s avec un Oeil sur la R\u00e9sistance<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MORDOR) trial revealed that biannual mass azithromycin distributions to preschool children reduced child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Other benefits may also be possible. Surveillance of local health post records was assessed from the Niger study site from 2014 to 2016. Community-level data on all clinic visits, diagnoses, and antibiotic prescriptions recorded in the health post logbooks were retrospectively extracted for the period spanning from 12 months before baseline to 12 months after baseline. During the 12-month period after the communities were randomized in the MORDOR trial, a total of 5,229 clinic visits were documented in the azithromycin group, compared with 7,647 in the placebo group (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.79\u20130.85); 2,011 malaria diagnoses were documented in the azithromycin group, compared with 3,366 in the placebo group (IRR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.46\u20131.39); and 2,218 courses of antibiotics were documented in the azithromycin group, compared with 3,297 in the placebo group (IRR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.77\u20130.85). The reduction in clinic visits and clinic-prescribed antibiotics is consistent with a reduction in infectious diseases in the azithromycin-treated communities.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.25-0462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T15:39:47Z","timestamp":1761233987000},"page":"1419-1422","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Mass Azithromycin Distributions and Childhood Clinic Visits in Niger: A Community-Randomized Trial"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Zijun","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renee F. N.","family":"Casentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Arzika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Niamey, Niger;"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Sant\u00e9 Publique, Birni N\u2019Gaoure, Niger;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdou","family":"Amza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programme Nationale de Sant\u00e9 Oculaire, Niamey, Niger;"},{"name":"Universite Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Programme FSS, Niamey, Niger;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramatou","family":"Maliki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Niamey, Niger;"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Sant\u00e9 Publique, Birni N\u2019Gaoure, Niger;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritesh","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DataSlexIndia, New Dehli, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kieran S.","family":"O\u2019Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"Lebas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Travis C.","family":"Porco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy D.","family":"Keenan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Lietman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1583","article-title":"Azithromycin to reduce childhood mortality in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"378","author":"Keenan","year":"2018"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"482","article-title":"Mass azithromycin distribution to prevent child mortality in Burkina Faso: The CHAT randomized clinical trial","volume":"331","author":"Oldenburg","year":"2024"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"699","article-title":"Azithromycin to reduce mortality\u2014An adaptive cluster-randomized trial","volume":"391","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2024"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Lancet Glob Health","first-page":"e288","article-title":"Cause-specific mortality of children younger than 5 years in communities receiving biannual mass azithromycin 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trachoma control","volume":"97","author":"Bloch","year":"2017"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"395","article-title":"Adverse and beneficial secondary effects of mass treatment with azithromycin to eliminate blindness due to trachoma in Nepal","volume":"35","author":"Fry","year":"2002"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and 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