{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T13:20:48Z","timestamp":1788355248417,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Child growth impairment and\n                    <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) infection pose substantive public health challenges, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. There is a paucity of evidence regarding how\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection, which causes clinical malaria, relates to child growth in children under 24 months old. To assess the temporal associations between\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection and weight-for-age Z score (WAZ), a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study conducted from 2016 to 2018 in which 86 Malawian children (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 649 observations) were followed from birth to 24 months of age was conducted. The incidence of\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection was assessed, as well as whether\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection was associated with subsequent reductions in WAZ and whether lower WAZ scores were associated with increased risk of subsequent\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. The authors also investigated whether being mildly to moderately underweight (WAZ &lt; \u20131.0) at birth was associated with a shorter time to the first\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection.\n                    <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection (symptomatic or clinical malaria), asymptomatic\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection, and clinical malaria were identified separately in all analyses. More than 30% of children experienced\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection within the first 6 months of life. Being mildly to moderately underweight was associated with a significantly higher incidence of\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in the subsequent 3 months (adjusted incidence rate ratio: 1.25 [1.02\u20131.52]). Being mildly to moderately underweight at birth was associated with a shorter time to the first asymptomatic\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. The study findings reveal a high burden of\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection among children &lt;6 months old and highlight the need for targeted interventions to address low WAZ in children as an approach to potentially reducing subsequent malaria risk.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.25-0568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T17:17:34Z","timestamp":1783444654000},"page":"519-527","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Malaria Incidence, Growth, and their Relationship among a Cohort of Malawian Children"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Divya","family":"Hosangadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liana R.","family":"Andronescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Mawindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blantyre Malaria Project, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Don P.","family":"Mathanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blantyre Malaria Project, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terrie","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam K.","family":"Laufer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea G.","family":"Buchwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"b1","series-title":"BMC Med","first-page":"186","article-title":"Complex interactions between malaria and malnutrition: A systematic literature review","volume":"16","author":"Das","year":"2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"b2","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"561","article-title":"The association 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