{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T13:20:48Z","timestamp":1788355248429,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\n                    introgression into\n                    <jats:italic>Aedes aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) mosquito populations is an effective strategy for preventing dengue and is currently under evaluation for WHO prequalification. The standard protocol for trials and deployments currently being conducted in Brazil by the World Mosquito Program (WMP) for long-term monitoring of\n                    <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\n                    introgression involves the use of BG-Sentinel traps (BG-traps; Biogents AG [Regensburg, Germany]), which are labor-intensive and costly. More affordable alternatives, such as oviposition traps (ovitraps), have been used in other settings; however, a comparison of the WMP protocol for\n                    <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\n                    surveillance has not been performed. As part of the EVITA dengue trial,\n                    <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                    eggs and adults were collected from 124 ovitraps and 237 BG-traps across 12 clusters in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, between March and May 2023. Eggs collected from ovitraps were reared to L3 and L4 larvae, and\n                    <jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>\n                    Mel\n                    <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\n                    was detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction testing in larvae and adult mosquitoes from BG-traps. Mixed-effects models were used to compare cluster-level estimates of\n                    <jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>\n                    Mel introgression derived from ovitrap and BG-trap data over time. Among 3,675 larvae reared from ovitraps,\n                    <jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>\n                    Mel prevalence was 0.50 (95% CI: 0.48\u20130.51), whereas 1,244 adults from BG-traps had a prevalence of 0.45 (95% CI: 0.42\u20130.48). Cluster-level introgression estimates from larvae and adults were strongly correlated (Spearman\u2019s\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.70;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001). Multivariate models incorporating current- and previous-month ovitrap data and mosquito abundance revealed strong agreement between ovitrap-based predictions and BG-trap estimates (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u22650.98). These findings reveal that ovitrap-based surveillance provides a low-resource, efficient, and precise alternative for monitoring\n                    <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>\n                    introgression as interventions are scaled in high-burden dengue settings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.26-0050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T14:09:07Z","timestamp":1784642947000},"page":"483-492","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of Oviposition and Adult Trapping to Monitor wMel Introgression for Wolbachia-Based Vector Control"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Nelson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thiago N.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Mosquito Program, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz Instituto Rene Rachou, Belo Horizonte, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica Milena de Castro","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Mosquito Program, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz Instituto Rene Rachou, Belo Horizonte, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca Daoud","family":"Mafra e Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Mosquito Program, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz Instituto Rene Rachou, Belo Horizonte, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Camillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Mosquito Program, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz Instituto Rene Rachou, Belo Horizonte, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thiago Rodrigues","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Mosquito Program, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro M.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert I.","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA;"},{"name":"Instituto Gon\u00e7alo Moniz, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Salvador, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek A. T.","family":"Cummings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emerging Pathogens Institute and Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA;"},{"name":"Departments of Epidemiology and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciano A.","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Mosquito Program, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz Instituto Rene Rachou, Belo Horizonte, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"issue":"23","key":"b1","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"2177","article-title":"Efficacy of Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments for the control of dengue","volume":"384","author":"Utarini","year":"2021"},{"issue":"11","key":"b2","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"1587","article-title":"Estimating the effect of the wMel release programme on 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