{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T17:07:52Z","timestamp":1789664872587,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Malaria remains the primary cause of death among children younger than 5 years old in Africa. During 2019\u20132023, Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi piloted introduction of the first malaria vaccine, RTS,S\/AS01, through the Malaria Vaccine Implementation Program. There are two malaria vaccines prequalified by the WHO: RTS,S\/AS01 and R21\/Matrix-M. The vaccines are recommended for children younger than 5 years old in endemic areas, prioritizing areas of moderate to high transmission. Data on vaccine introduction and doses shipped were obtained from the WHO and the United Nations Children\u2019s Fund. As of December 2024, 17 countries in Africa had introduced the malaria vaccine with support from Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, and another eight countries had approval for Gavi support. During 2023\u20132024, a total of 13,250,098 vaccine doses were shipped to countries. The introduction of the malaria vaccine presents an integration opportunity with preventive health services to reduce child morbidity and mortality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.26-0338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T16:23:16Z","timestamp":1789662196000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Status of Malaria Vaccine Introduction\u2014Africa, 2019\u20132024"],"prefix":"10.4269","author":[{"given":"Anh N.","family":"Ly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemic Intelligence Service, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;"},{"name":"Global Immunization Division, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny A.","family":"Walldorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Immunization Division, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary J.","family":"Hamel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliane","family":"Pellaux-Furrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafiq Nii Attoh","family":"Okine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mgaywa G. M. D.","family":"Magafu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaymin C.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Immunization Division, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terri B.","family":"Hyde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Immunization Division, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","article-title":"World Malaria Report 2024.","year":"2024"},{"key":"b2","article-title":"Global Technical Strategy for Malaria 2016\u20132030, 2021 Update.","year":"2021"},{"key":"b3","article-title":"Statistical Report, Malaria Vaccine Pilot Evaluation (MVPE), Analysis of Data to Month 46.","author":"Milligan","year":"2024"},{"key":"b4","article-title":"Malaria Vaccine: WHO Position Paper\u2014May 2024.","year":"2024"},{"key":"b5","article-title":"Framework for the Allocation of Limited Malaria Vaccine Supply.","year":"2022"},{"key":"b6","article-title":"18 Million Doses of First-Ever Malaria Vaccine Allocated to 12 African Countries for 2023\u20132025: Gavi, WHO and UNICEF.","year":"2023"},{"key":"b7","article-title":"Immunization Market Dashboard.","year":"2026"},{"key":"b8","article-title":"Malaria Vaccine Introduction Status Dashboard.","year":"2025"},{"key":"b9","article-title":"World Bank Country and Lending Groups."},{"key":"b10","article-title":"Malaria Vaccines: Introduction, Use, and Potential Impact.","year":"2026"},{"issue":"9988","key":"b11","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"31","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of RTS,S\/AS01 malaria vaccine with or without a booster dose in infants and children in Africa: Final results of a phase 3, individually randomised, controlled trial","volume":"386","year":"2015"},{"key":"b12","article-title":"Meeting of the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization, September 2025: Conclusions and Recommendations.","year":"2025"},{"key":"b13","article-title":"Learning Lessons from the Pilots: Overcoming Knowledge Gaps around the Malaria Vaccine Schedule in Support of Vaccine Uptake.","year":"2022"},{"key":"b14","article-title":"Vaccination Schedule.","year":"2026"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"J Infect Dis","first-page":"S233","article-title":"Evaluation of the impact of meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine on the childhood immunization program\u2019s second-year-of-life vaccination coverage in Burkina Faso","volume":"220","author":"Zoma","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/aop\/article-10.4269-ajtmh.26-0338\/article-10.4269-ajtmh.26-0338.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/aop\/article-10.4269-ajtmh.26-0338\/article-10.4269-ajtmh.26-0338.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T16:23:17Z","timestamp":1789662197000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/aop\/article-10.4269-ajtmh.26-0338\/article-10.4269-ajtmh.26-0338.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"references-count":15,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.26-0338","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]}}}