{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T15:00:43Z","timestamp":1761490843533},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>National border areas are special places for the spread of <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> (MTB). These regions concentrate vulnerable populations and constant population movements. Understanding the dynamics of the transmission of MTB is fundamental to propose control measures and to monitor drug resistance. We conducted a population-based prospective study of tuberculosis (TB) to evaluate molecular characteristics of MTB isolates circulating in Roraima, a state on the border of Venezuela and Guyana. Eighty isolates were genotyped by IS<jats:italic>6110<\/jats:italic>-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism), spoligotyping, and 24-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number of repeats tandem (MIRU-VNTR). Drug susceptibility tests were performed by using the proportion method and GeneXpert<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> MTB\/RIF (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA). Isolates showing a phenotypic resistance profile were submitted to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Spoligotyping showed 40 distinct patterns with a high prevalence of Latin-American and Mediterranean (LAM), Haarlem (H), and the \u201cill-defined\u201d T clades. Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit -VNTR and IS<jats:italic>6110<\/jats:italic>-RFLP showed clustering rates of 21.3% and 30%, respectively. Drug resistance was detected in 11 (15.1%) isolates, and all were found to have primary resistance; among these, six (8.2%) isolates were streptomycin mono-resistant, four (5.4%) isoniazid mono-resistant, and one (1.3%) multidrug resistant. This is the first study on the molecular epidemiology and drug resistance profile of MTB from Roraima. Herein, we describe high diversity of genetic profiles circulating in this region that may be driven by the introduction of new strain types because of large population flow in this region. In summary, our results showed that analyses of these circulating strains can contribute to a better understanding of TB epidemiology in the northern Brazilian border and be useful to establish public health policies on TB prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,6]],"date-time":"2019-08-06T07:00:38Z","timestamp":1565074838000},"page":"774-779","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Genetic Diversity and Molecular Epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Roraima State, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Mariana Bento","family":"Tatara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Research in Health Science, Faculty of Health Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil;"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Perdig\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Viveiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (IHMT), Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), University NOVA of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"Afr\u00e2nio","family":"Kritski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;"}]},{"given":"Kesia Esther da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Research in Health Science, Faculty of Health Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil;"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1via Patussi Correia","family":"Sacchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Referent Center of Tuberculosis and Leprosy, Dourados Municipal Health Secretary, Dourados, Brazil;"}]},{"given":"Camila Camioli","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Research in Health Science, Faculty of Health Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil;"}]},{"given":"Paulo C\u00e9sar Pereira","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Research in Health Science, Faculty of Health Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil;"}]},{"given":"Jaciara de Lourdes do Carmo Guimar\u00e3","family":"Diniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nucleus of Research in Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil;"}]},{"given":"Pedro Eduardo","family":"Almeida Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nucleus of Research in Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil;"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"M\u00f4nica Maria Quirino","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory of Public Health of Roraima, Boa Vista, Brazil;"}]},{"given":"Eunice Atsuko Totumi","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory of Public Health of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil;"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Roberto","family":"Lapa e Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Portugal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Croda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Campo Grande, Brazil;"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil;"}]},{"given":"Monica Kramer de N.","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Pulmonology","first-page":"99","article-title":"Migration, TB control and elimination: whom to screen and treat","volume":"24","author":"Rendon","year":"2018"},{"year":"2018","series-title":"Censo Demogr\u00e1fico 2018: Caracter\u00edsticas da Popula\u00e7\u00e3o","author":"IBGE","key":"b2"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Boletim Epidemiol\u00f3gico","first-page":"1","article-title":"Indicadores priorit\u00e1rios para o monitoramento do Plano Nacional pelo Fim da Tuberculose como Problema de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica no Brazil","volume":"48","author":"Sa\u00fade","year":"2017"},{"year":"2018","series-title":"Atua\u00e7\u00e3o do Conselho Ind\u00edgena de Roraima","author":"CIR","key":"b4"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Rev Panam Salud Publica","first-page":"321","article-title":"Tuberculosis in Amazonian municipalities of the Brazil-Colombia-Peru-Venezuela border: epidemiological situation and risk factors associated with treatment default [article in Portuguese]","volume":"34","author":"Belo","year":"2013"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"372","article-title":"Genetic clustering of tuberculosis in an indigenous community of Brazil","volume":"98","author":"Correia Sacchi","year":"2018"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e107106","article-title":"First baseline of circulating genotypic lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients from the Brazilian borders with Argentina and Paraguay","volume":"9","author":"Machado","year":"2014"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Rev Panam Salud Publica","first-page":"e9","article-title":"Antituberculosis-drug resistance in the border of Brazil with Paraguay and Bolivia [Article in Portuguese]","volume":"41","author":"Marques","year":"2017"},{"year":"2017","series-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2017","author":"WHO","key":"b9"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"J Brasileiro Pneumologia","first-page":"707","article-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do crescimento em cordas na identifica\u00e7\u00e3o presuntiva do complexo Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"33","author":"Coelho","year":"2007"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis","first-page":"803","article-title":"Diferencia\u00e7\u00e3o entre Mycobacterium tuberculosis e outras Micobact\u00e9rias com \u00e1cido \u03c1-nitrobenz\u00f3ico utilizando o sistema MGIT960","volume":"11","author":"Giampaglia","year":"2007"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"J Glob Infect Dis","first-page":"66","article-title":"Utility of MPT64 antigen detection for rapid confirmation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex","volume":"7","author":"Arora","year":"2015"},{"year":"2008","series-title":"Manual Nacional de Vigil\u00e2ncia Laboratorial da Tuberculose e Outras Micobact\u00e9rias","author":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade, Departamento de Vigil\u00e2ncia Epidemiol\u00f3gica, Brazil","key":"b13"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"e01214","article-title":"Multi- and extensively drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in South Africa: a molecular analysis of historical isolates","volume":"56","author":"Maningi","year":"2018"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"New Engl J Med","first-page":"1005","article-title":"Rapid molecular detection of tuberculosis and rifampin resistance","volume":"363","author":"Boehme","year":"2010"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"406","article-title":"Strain identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting: recommendations for a standardized methodology","volume":"31","author":"Van Embden","year":"1993"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"907","article-title":"Simultaneous detection and strain differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for diagnosis and epidemiology","volume":"35","author":"Kamerbeek","year":"1997"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Mol Microbiol","first-page":"762","article-title":"Variable human minisatellite\u2010like regions in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome","volume":"36","author":"Supply","year":"2000"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"BMC Microbiol","first-page":"23","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex genetic diversity: mining the fourth international spoligotyping database (SpolDB4) for classification, population genetics and epidemiology","volume":"6","author":"Brudey","year":"2006"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"Infect Genet Evol","first-page":"755","article-title":"SITVITWEB\u2013a publicly available international multimarker database for studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology","volume":"12","author":"Demay","year":"2012"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Infect Genet Evol","first-page":"491","article-title":"Identifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strain families using spoligotypes","volume":"6","author":"Vitol","year":"2006"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"4498","article-title":"Proposal for standardization of optimized mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable-number tandem repeat typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"44","author":"Supply","year":"2006"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"BMC Infect Dis","first-page":"71","article-title":"Risk factors associated with cluster size of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) of different RFLP lineages in Brazil","volume":"18","author":"Peres","year":"2018"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"BMC Infect Dis","first-page":"306","article-title":"Genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Minas Gerais state, Brazil","volume":"15","author":"Dantas","year":"2015"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"758","article-title":"Genotypic and spatial analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission in a high-incidence urban setting","volume":"61","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2015"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"Redes","first-page":"129","article-title":"Roraima: problemas de desenvolvimento sustent\u00e1vel em uma regi\u00e3o de fronteira","volume":"10","author":"de Mello","year":"2005"},{"key":"b27","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"947","article-title":"Venezuela: aid needed to ease health crisis","volume":"388","author":"Fraser","year":"2016"},{"year":"2018","series-title":"Relat\u00f3rio Anual de Epidemiologia de Roraima 2017","author":"Benedetti","key":"b28"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0160434","article-title":"Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypic lineage distribution in Chile and neighboring countries","volume":"11","author":"Lagos","year":"2016"},{"key":"b30","series-title":"BMC Infect Dis","first-page":"122","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis ecology in Venezuela: epidemiologic correlates of common spoligotypes and a large clonal cluster defined by MIRU-VNTR-24","volume":"9","author":"Abadia","year":"2009"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"BMC Microbiol","first-page":"75","article-title":"First insight into Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetic diversity in Paraguay","volume":"7","author":"Candia","year":"2007"},{"key":"b32","series-title":"J Bacteriol","first-page":"1833","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis Latin American-Mediterranean family and its sublineages in the light of robust evolutionary markers","volume":"196","author":"Mokrousov","year":"2014"},{"key":"b33","series-title":"Revista Pan-Amaz\u00f4nica de Sa\u00fade","first-page":"33","article-title":"Genotipagem por spoligotyping de Mycobacterium tuberculosis obtidos de l\u00e2minas de Ziehl-Neelsen em Bel\u00e9m, estado do Par\u00e1, Brasil","volume":"4","author":"Furlaneto","year":"2013"},{"key":"b34","series-title":"Infect Genet Evol","first-page":"649","article-title":"Spoligotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates from patients residents of 11 states of Brazil","volume":"12","author":"Gomes","year":"2012"},{"key":"b35","series-title":"J Med Microbiol","first-page":"1261","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis: ecology and evolution of a human bacterium","volume":"64","author":"Banuls","year":"2015"},{"key":"b36","series-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo","first-page":"e63","article-title":"Factors associated with TB in an indigenous population in Brazil: the effect of a cash transfer program","volume":"60","author":"Malacarne","year":"2018"},{"key":"b37","series-title":"Hygeia","first-page":"38","article-title":"A geografia da tuberculose em Roraima","volume":"12","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2016"},{"key":"b38","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e110209","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a tuberculosis referral hospital in China","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2014"},{"key":"b39","series-title":"Mol Microbiol","first-page":"1034","article-title":"Structural basis for rifamycin resistance of bacterial RNA polymerase by the three most clinically important RpoB mutations found in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"103","author":"Molodtsov","year":"2017"},{"key":"b40","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"3246","article-title":"Isoniazid resistance levels of Mycobacterium tuberculosis can largely be predicted by high-confidence resistance-conferring mutations","volume":"8","author":"Lempens","year":"2018"},{"key":"b41","series-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother","first-page":"e00974","article-title":"Validation of novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis isoniazid resistance mutations not detectable by common molecular tests","volume":"62","author":"Kandler","year":"2018"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/101\/4\/article-p774.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/101\/4\/article-p774.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/101\/4\/article-p774.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T21:33:49Z","timestamp":1722461629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/101\/4\/article-p774.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,2]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0324","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-9637"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1476-1645"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,2]]}}}